揭露《綜述:轉基因食物分子可在人體腸道積累並進入體細胞》的謠言_風聞
diewisch-历史唯物观察者-2019-02-10 10:32
關於轉基因的爭論觀網一直很熱鬧,除了鷹擊長空多次科普以外,還有一位飛揚也專門散佈轉基因的謠言。昨天這位飛揚不知道是原創還是盜帖了一篇《綜述:轉基因食物分子可在人體腸道積累並進入體細胞》。我就是喜歡刨根問底,按照原文裏的線索,查找到了所引用的論文。當然又再次證明了“節操、學識、反轉基因”三個裏面最多選兩個。
飛揚的帖文裏提到的miRNAs——小分子核糖核酸又譯微核糖核酸,是真核生物中廣泛存在的一種長約21到23個核苷酸的核糖核酸(RNA)分子,可調節其他基因的表達。miRNA來自一些從DNA轉錄而來,但無法進一步轉譯成蛋白質的RNA(屬於非編碼RNA)。miRNA通過與目標信使核糖核酸(mRNA)結合,進而抑制轉錄後的基因表達,在調控基因表達、細胞週期、生物體發育時序等方面起重要作用。在動物中,一個微RNA通常可以調控數十個基因。
首先原貼裏面提到的論文,我在sciencedirect網站找到了摘要:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278691518309037

論文標題“Addressing concerns over the fate of DNA derived from genetically modified food in the human body: A review”《一篇綜述:解決人們對從轉基因食品中提取的DNA在人體內的命運的擔憂》。從標題看完全沒有飛揚強調的“轉基因食物分子可在人體腸道積累並進入體細胞”。那麼看看論文的摘要和綜述講了些什麼。
Review
Addressing concerns over the fate of DNA derived from genetically modified food in the human body: A review
Author Muhammad AmjadNawazab1RobinMesnagec1Aristides M.TsatsakisdKirill S.GolokhvastaeSeung HwanYangbMichael N.AntonioucGyuhwaChungbShow morehttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.030Get rights and content
Highlights
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Mechanical and chemical processing, prior to entering digestive system, compromises DNA integrity.
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DNA fragments up to a few hundred base pairs can survive and reach in blood and tissues of human and animal consumers.
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There is limited evidence that dietary DNA can integrate into the genome of somatic cells or gut bacteria.
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There is no evidence that dietary DNA integrated into somatic cells of consumers and gut bacteria has gene expression.
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Food miRNAs can survive digestion, enter the consumer’s body and may affect their gene expression in different organs.
Abstract
Global commercialization of GM food and feed has stimulated much debate over the fate of GM food-derived DNA in the body of the consumer and as to whether it poses any health risks. We reviewed the fate of DNA derived from GM food in the human body. During mechanical/chemical processing, integrity of DNA is compromised. Food-DNA can survive harsh processing and digestive conditions with fragments up to a few hundred bp detectable in the gastrointestinal tract. Compelling evidence supported the presence of food (also GM food) derived DNA in the blood and tissues of human/animal. There is limited evidence of food-born DNA integrating into the genome of the consumer and of horizontal transfer of GM crop DNA into gut-bacteria. We find no evidence that transgenes in GM crop-derived foods have a greater propensity for uptake and integration than the host DNA of the plant-food. We found no evidence of plant-food DNA function/expression following transfer to either the gut-bacteria or somatic cells. Strong evidence suggested that plant-food-miRNAs can survive digestion, enter the body and affect gene expression patterns. We envisage that this multi-dimensional review will address questions regarding the fate of GM food-derived DNA and gene-regulatory-RNA in the human body.
· 在進入消化系統之前,機械和化學處理會破壞DNA的完整性。
·多達幾百個鹼基對的DNA片段可以在人和動物消費者的血液和組織中存活和傳播。
·有限的證據表明,飲食中的DNA可以整合到體細胞或腸道細菌的基因組中。
·沒有證據表明,飲食DNA整合到消費者的體細胞和腸道細菌有基因表達。
·食品miRNAs可以在消化後存活,進入消費者體內,並可能影響其不同器官的基因表達。
摘要
全球轉基因食品和飼料的商業化引發了關於消費者體內轉基因食品來源DNA的命運以及轉基因食品是否構成任何健康風險的大量辯論。我們回顧了從轉基因食品中提取的DNA在人體內的命運。在機械/化學處理過程中,DNA的完整性受到損害。食物DNA可以在嚴酷的加工和消化條件下存活,在胃腸道中可以檢測到幾百個BP的碎片。令人信服的證據支持在人/動物的血液和組織中存在從食物(也有轉基因食物)中提取的DNA。有限的證據表明,食物產生的DNA整合到消費者的基因組中,轉基因作物的DNA水平轉移到腸道細菌中。我們沒有發現任何證據表明轉基因作物衍生食品中的轉基因比植物食品中的宿主DNA具有更強的吸收和整合傾向。我們沒有發現植物食物DNA功能/表達轉移到腸道細菌或體細胞後的證據。強有力的證據表明植物-食物- miRNAs可以在消化過程中存活,進入人體並影響基因表達模式。我們設想,這一多維度回顧將處理有關轉基因食品來源的DNA和基因調控RNA在人體內的命運的問題。
文中所列出的事實,轉基因和非轉基因作物都存在。
關於最後一條miRNAs的研究成果不是第一次發表,中國南京大學生物學家張辰宇的研究團隊,已經在蜜蜂中證實了這種植物對動物的跨界調控——蜜蜂幼蟲是發育成蜂王還是工蜂,其食物中的植物microRNA在發揮作用——它被反對轉基因的人士當成匕首,因為張辰宇聲稱首次發現食物中的植物microRNA能夠被人體吸收。
而且如果真能確定(論文中是可能)miRNAs可以通過食物進入動物體內進而影響器官基因表達,這就證明了中藥的作用原理。
綜上所述,飛揚的文章是斷章取義,夾帶私貨。截至目前,所有對轉基因的安全性實驗都沒有發現對安全危險,即**“沒有證據表明,飲食DNA整合到消費者的體細胞和腸道細菌有基因表達”。**
能多動手求證,就可以少被帶節奏。