印度網友吐槽：中國經濟發展為何比印度快..._風聞

2018年，印度的GDP總額達到了2.73萬億美元，經濟增速升至7.4%，成為世界主要經濟體中，增速最快的國家。

然而對於印度經濟的高增速，世界銀行的經濟調查預測報告卻並不看好：

2018年印度的經濟總量約等於中國2006年水平，但是與同期中國高達10.7%的連續增速有所不同，印度7.4%的經濟增速已經顯露疲態…

“為什麼中國的發展速度比印度快得多？"，這成為了IMF預測報告下此刻印度網友們問的最多的問題：

1、Jon Harbaugh

There are many reasons that China has seemingly developed much faster than India, but some of the key reasons are:

中國似乎比印度發展得快得多，原因有很多，但一些關鍵原因是:

Land reformation - China has undergone it’s revolutions already, and as a result has a strong, single party government that is able to relocate people in order to make infrastructure improvements that will benefit the entire countries economy.

土地改革：中國已經經歷了它的革命，因此有了一個強大的一黨政府，能夠重新安置人民，改善基礎設施，這將有利於整個國家的經濟。

Education - China takes education very seriously, many of their students will be in school for over 10 hours a day starting at a young age, and will do homework or extra-curricular activities after that. Their colleges are very competitive.

教育：中國非常重視教育，很多學生從小就開始每天在學校學習超過10個小時，之後還會做家庭作業或參加課外活動。他們的大學很有競爭力。

Investment - China has not only invested in itself and expanded manufacturing capabilities, it has invested heavily in other parts of the world, mainly Africa. This has allowed China access to more resources and markets than it otherwise might have had.

投資：中國不僅對自身進行了投資，並擴大了製造能力，而且還在世界其它地區(主要是非洲)進行了大量投資。這使得中國能夠獲得更多的資源和市場。

2、Sumit Choudhary

The sole reason behind China’s rapid development is Political stability and strong political will. Post 1970s groomed politicians of China took autocratic steps to revive the economy. They opened SEZ (Special Economic Zone) and invited the industries throughout world to open their production base there and gave them many incentives like cheap electricity, water, land and supporting Labour Laws.Their pro-industrial attitude brought them the fruits of success in rising economy. Once infrastructure and vendor companies were there, there was no choice left for other big MNCs to bypass china. Even biggest mobile company Apple have their prodction base in China.

中國快速發展的唯一原因是政治穩定和強烈的政治意願。20世紀70年代以後，中國採取了專門的措施來重振經濟。他們開設了經濟特區，邀請全世界的工業界在那裏開設生產基地，並給予他們許多優惠政策，如廉價的電力、水、土地和配套的勞動法。他們支持工業化的態度給他們帶來了經濟增長的成功果實。一旦有了基礎設施和供應商，其他大型跨國公司就沒有辦法繞過中國。即使是最大的移動公司蘋果也在中國有他們的生產基地。

3、David Ellsworth

It looks clear to me why China develops so quickly, but it is usually beyond the comprehension of people who believe that multiple party systems are the only valid form of democracy.

在我看來，中國發展得如此之快的原因顯而易見，但這卻超出了那些認為多黨制才是唯一有效的民主形式的人的理解。

Contrary to this system of social awareness the so called multiparty forms of government dwell continuously on divisive purposes and can never reach agreement. They have no institutions for common agreement. The political ideological conflict has become so big a part of social life that even law and order has become impossible to trust.

與這種社會意識體系相反，所謂的多黨政府形式持續地存在分歧，永遠無法達成一致。他們沒有達成共識的機構。政治意識形態的衝突已經成為社會生活的一個重要組成部分，甚至法律和秩序也變得不可信。

The western style democracies have become so immersed in conflict that peace and security is neigh impossible, let alone the development of social needs. Such countries appear to be wealthy but the facts of lawlessness, drug addiction and poverty are hidden behind the media images of success.

西方式的民主國家已經變得如此沉浸於衝突之中，以至於幾乎不可能和平和保證安全，更不用説社會需求的發展了。這些國家看起來很富有，但在成功的媒體形象背後，卻隱藏着無法無天的犯罪、吸毒成癮和貧困的事實。

China is having a lot of difficulty trying to avoid drowning in these illusions but so far is having pretty good success.

中國在努力試圖避免陷入這些幻想之中，這個過程中遇到了很多困難，但迄今為止也取得了相當大的成功。

India on the other hand has never overcome the cast system that adds a layer of divisiveness to the system of party conflict. It is unlikely the country can agree to development plans on the scale of time and social unity required for such success.

另一方面，印度從未克服種姓制度，這種制度給政黨衝突制度又增加了一層分歧。這個國家不太可能成功的發展，因為它無法實施長期計劃，也無法做到內部的團結。

4、Amirkhan

Internal disturbance - India is a multi diverse country it faced many challenges in consolidation and amalgamation of different communities within it after independence. This was not the case with china.

內部動亂：印度是一個多元化的國家，獨立後面臨着許多不同社區的合併和融合的挑戰。但中國的情況並非如此。

Hostile neighbour - India was struggling with Pakistan from Eastern as well as western front. Frequent war and insurgency hampered the growth of India.

敵對的鄰國：印度正在東線和西線與巴基斯坦進行鬥爭，頻繁的戰爭和叛亂阻礙了印度的發展。

Strict implementation of policy - Indian bureaucracy was based on British line. It was corrupt and less sensitive towards the need of the people where as in china communist government had full control over the administration and its people.

政策的嚴格執行：印度官僚主義是基於英國路線的。它很腐敗，對人民的需要不夠敏感，而在中國，這些都是可控的。

Change in economic policy with time - both the countries were closed economies in the initial phase. Later both the countries opened their economies . India opened its economy in 1991. China also liberalised in a gradual manner . Though china had a strong manufacturing base it able to reap the benefits of fulfilling the demands of developed countries . It earned huge foreign income from trade of goods to foreign countries.

隨着時間的推移，經濟政策的變化：這兩個國家在最初階段都是封閉經濟。後來這兩個國家都開放了經濟。印度在1991年開放了經濟。中國的自由化也是循序漸進的。但中國擁有強大的製造業基礎，它能夠從滿足發達國家的需求中獲益。它通過對外貿易獲得了鉅額的外匯收入。

Investment in research and development - china invested lots of money in the R&D where as India failed to do so. Technological innovation helped china a lot in its development.

在研發方面的投資：中國在研發方面投入了大量資金，而印度卻沒有這樣做。技術創新在中國的發展中起了很大的作用。

5、Kedar Zambre

China a country which is currently holding the first place in terms of population. One of the biggest superpower was once a nation fighting woes with severe poverty. The chinese empire was home to the largest under poverty population. During the 1980’s China had 88% of it’s total population under the international poverty line of 1.9 $ per day earning, as specified by World Bank.China fought in unbelievable way to overcome such severe poverty & bringing it down to just 6.5 % in 2011–12.

中國是目前人口最多的國家，世界上最大的國家之一。但它曾經是一個與嚴重的貧困作鬥爭的國家，是貧困人口最多的國家。在20世紀80年代，中國有88%的人口生活在世界銀行規定的每日收入1.9美元的國際貧困線以下。中國以令人難以置信的方式戰勝瞭如此嚴重的貧困，2011-12年，中國的人口貧困率降至6.5%。貧困人口從1981年的8.78億下降到2012年的8700萬。

Number of poor fell from 878 millions to just 87 millions during 1981 to 2012. Thus, China’’s success is even larger than previously thought. In the past 30 years, the 790 million drop in the number of poor in China accounts for over 70 percent of the total reduction in the developing world as a whole, indeed a truly remarkable achievement.

因此，中國的成功甚至比之前想象的還要大。在過去的30年裏，中國的貧困人口減少了7.9億，佔發展中國家總減少量的70%以上，這的確是一個了不起的成就。

6、Indira

Few stats about China、second largest economy、Produces 25% of electricity in world、No.1 in hydroelectricity production、Produces 50% of coal、Produces 48% of Smartphones、produces 50% of steel、produces 60 % of cement、produces 13 % of gold (no.1 in world)、70% of toys (again no.1)、Carries 40 % share in ship building…

關於中國的少量統計數據、世界第二大經濟體、佔世界25%的發電量、水力發電量排名第一、生產世界50%的煤炭、生產世界48%的智能手機、生產世界50%的鋼鐵、生產世界60%的水泥、黃金產量佔全球的13%(世界第一)、製造世界70%的玩具(仍然是第一名)、佔有世界造船業40%的份額….

What made China make such a tremendous stride in all those sectors???And we all know where India stands in most of these sectors . What makes such a huge difference to the development of these two countries???

是什麼讓中國在所有這些領域取得如此巨大的進步？我們都知道印度在這些領域的地位。是什麼讓這兩個國家的發展如此不同？

Within this span Chinese government developed one of the best infrastructures in the world. They provided fastest highways & railways within thier country. Thier education system focused more on developing skills of students.The GDP per capita income of china has risen over this period. They reached a level of 7.5 lakh per person per annum ,which is about 5.5 times that of India.These things attracted the global companies to set up thier plants in China. That ultimately led to poverty eradication in China.

在此期間，中國發展了世界上最好的基礎設施之一。他們在國內建造了最快的公路和鐵路。他們的教育體制更注重培養學生的技能。這一時期，中國人均gdp有所增長，達到了75萬盧比（約合73496元）的水平，大約是印度的5.5倍。這些事情吸引了全球公司在中國設立工廠，這最終使中國成功消除了貧困。

Whereas in India, the government failed on a higher note to provide the required infrastructure to the multinational giants except in few fields. The situation is slowly changing in last 20 years. The highways and railways are still awaiting plenty more developments.The Indian education system focused more on cresting clerks and somehow handing out people degrees .Though India is one of the youngest nation in the world, it lacks in skilled labour. China has about 780 million of skilled labour readliy available for companies to be hired up.

而在印度，除了少數幾個領域，政府未能為跨國公司提供所需的基礎設施。在過去的20年裏，這種情況正在慢慢改變，但高速公路和鐵路仍需要更多的發展。印度的教育體系更多地關注於職員的培訓和以某種方式授予人們學位。儘管印度是世界上最年輕的國家之一，但它缺乏熟練勞動力。中國有大約7.8億的熟練勞動力可供企業招聘。

Who is responsible for this situation of India ? Obviously the Congress driven UPA government as they ruled the country for more than 60 years since independence. India has lagged behind many countries in Human Capital Formation. China is just an example. Countries with lesser Human Capital are also much ahead than India.

誰應該對印度的這種情況負責？很明顯是國大黨政府，因為他們自獨立以來統治了這個國家60多年。印度在人力資本形成方面落後於許多國家。中國就是一個例子。一些人力資本較少的國家也遠遠領先於印度。

But still there is hope . Who knows if India could make similar stride like China in coming decade…

但希望仍然存在。誰知道印度在未來十年是否能像中國一樣大步前進…

7、Adarsh Tiwari

In china is more Manufacturing company greater than india. China have advanced technology.

在中國，製造業公司比印度更多，中國擁有先進的技術。

Some leading corporate leaders from Asia debated on this at a conference recently held at the Indian School of Business in Hyderabad.

最近在海得拉巴的印度商學院舉行的一次會議上，一些亞洲大型企業管理者就此進行了辯論。

The emerging markets of Asia hold the promise for the world’’s corporation. India and China are the two key markets in Asia.

亞洲的新興市場為世界企業帶來了希望。印度和中國是亞洲的兩個主要市場。

While India’’s corporate leaders agree that this could be true, they are emphatic that India’’s vibrant democracy is the only way for the country to ensure that growth and development reaches all.

儘管印度企業管理者一致認為這可能是對的，但他們強調，印度充滿活力的民主是確保增長和發展惠及所有人的唯一途徑。

8、Avagardner

China’’s leadership has always focused on investment in models and showcases. All this has helped canalize foreign direct investment into the country and helped create local economic development.

中國領導層一直注重投資模式和投資形象。所有這些都有助於將外國直接投資引入該國，並有助於促使地方經濟發展。

“Every businessperson of any size anywhere in the world knows what the number 1.3 billion means: China’’s big market. How many know the population of India?

“世界上任何地方的商人都知道13億這個數字意味着什麼:中國巨大的市場。有多少人知道印度的人口是多少？

Chinese leaders discarded their Mao suits immediately and put on coats and ties, talked the language of commerce, organised thousands of delegations, hosted endless conferences and exhibitions, and laboured to convince foreign investors that China was pro-business, stable, and committed to reform and an open-door policy,” suggests Dewoskin.

中國人脱下中山裝，穿上西裝，打上領帶，説着商業語言，組織了數千個代表團，舉辦了無數的會議和展覽，努力讓外國投資者相信，中國是親商的、穩定的，致力於改革和開放政策的。

In contrast, India’’s corporate leaders agree that the country’’s politicians have never sold the country.

相比之下，印度的企業管理者一致認為，印度的政客們從未向世界展示這個國家的賣點。

9、Dewoskin

China has created many flexible investment zones, export processing zones, free trade zones, high tech zones, complete with tax incentives and good infrastructure.

中國已經建立了許多靈活的投資區、出口加工區、自由貿易區和高新區，還有税收優惠和良好的基礎設施。

India has tried to replicate this with its creation of export processing zones and software technology parks.But the difference lies in some key areas like creation of infrastructure and quick approval of investment proposals.

印度試圖複製這一模式，建立了出口加工區和軟件技術園區。但在一些關鍵領域區別（於中國），比如基礎設施建設和投資提議的快速審批。

“China always set aside political, social, and ideological differences in the interest of getting investment, technology, and export channels” .But India is not so, they always mix a lot of other emotions in business!

“中國總是把政治、社會和意識形態的差異放在一邊，以獲得投資、技術和出口渠道。”但印度卻不是這樣，他們在生意場上總是摻雜着很多其他情緒！

10、Hippo

The shelves of giant store chains like Wal-Mart are testimony to the fact that msot of the low-cost products today are made in China because it offers the cheapest source of manufacturing.

沃爾瑪等大型連鎖商店的貨架證明了這樣一個事實:如今大部分低成本產品都是在中國製造的，因為中國提供了最廉價的製造來源。

In electronics and hardware, China is the manufacturing hub for companies like Siemens and Hitachi Global Systems.

在電子和硬件領域，中國是西門子和日立等公司的製造中心。

China’’s success in manufacturing has attracted companies from other sectors too. Michelin, the world’’s biggest car tyre manufacturer, plans to make its Chinese operations its biggest global manufacturing base.

中國製造業的成功也吸引了其它行業的企業。全球最大的汽車輪胎製造商米其林計劃將中國作為其全球最大的製造基地。

The strong manufacturing base means that China is able to offer employment to a larger section of its population, compared to India which has shown growth predominantly in the services segment.

強大的製造業基礎意味着中國能夠為更多的人口提供就業機會，而印度的經濟增長主要集中在服務業。

China is very fast and efficient in the redirection of resources into higher education, economics, management, computer science, electronic and biotech engineering

中國在將資源轉向高等教育、經濟學、管理學、計算機科學、電子和生物技術工程以及法律方面非常迅速和高效。

It has a permissive and supportive policy to study abroad, coupled with an aggressive marketing and incentive programme to bring stronger graduates back。

中國對出國留學採取寬容和支持的政策，同時還實施了積極的市場營銷和激勵計劃，以吸引更強大的畢業生回國。

In contrast, India has yet to counter the problem of brain drain or promote itself as a destination for entrepreneurs who want to set up companies.

相比之下，印度尚未解決人才流失的問題，也沒有宣傳自己是希望創業的企業家的最佳目的地。

Yes, our government has done little to promote the development of our country, which may be the fundamental reason why we lag behind China!

是的，我們的政府在促進國家發展方面做得很少，這可能是我們落後於中國的根本原因！

毫不諱言，印度網友“Hippo”立足中印兩國實際的敏鋭分析，令老鐵對印度網友看法改觀：

我們的政府在促進國家發展方面做得很少，這可能是我們落後於中國的根本原因！

沒有鼓吹空泛的民主、也沒有毫無用處的抱怨，一言指出了差距的根本原因——政府組織能力！

正如網友“Avagardner”所説的那樣：

中國領導層一直注重投資模式和投資形象。所有這些都有助於將外國直接投資引入該國，並有助於促使地方經濟發展。

中國人脱下中山裝，穿上西裝，打上領帶，説着商業語言，組織了數千個代表團，舉辦了無數的會議和展覽，努力讓外國投資者相信，中國是親商的、穩定的，致力於改革和開放政策的。

相比之下，印度的政客們從未向世界展示這個國家的賣點。