外國網友：南京大屠殺讓我對日本人的看法發生了深刻的變化！_風聞

在南京大屠殺中，大量平民及戰俘被日軍殺害，無數家庭支離破碎，南京大屠殺的遇難人數超過30萬。

毫無疑問，對於中國人而言，“南京大屠殺”是永遠不可彌合的傷痛，82年來，我們一次次的向世界述説展示着曾經那慘無人道的一幕，82年的今天，世界對於那人類歷史上最為醜惡且不可原諒的一幕，又有着怎麼的認知？

1、KotaroHanawa

“What the hell is theNanking Massacre anyway?” is the predicted response you’ll likely receive when asking someone this question to a youth.

“南京大屠殺是什麼？” 如果你問（日本）年輕人，你多半會得到這個回覆。

I first learned about the “GreatNanking Incident” not in school, but during a school trip in Nagasaki. Therewas a mandatory lecture by the survivors of the bombing we needed to attend. The lecturer was also leading an organization which financially supports and promotes interactions with the victims of both the Atomic bomb and the Nanking Massacre. (I believe his wife, who was also a victim of the blast, was a memberof an organization or sort to support the victims of sex crimes committed duringthe war, although I don’t know much details about her because she was absent)

我最開始不是在學校裏瞭解到南京事件的，而是在去長崎的修學旅行中瞭解到的。我們被強制要求去參加一個由轟炸倖存者們舉辦的課程，講課者同時也是一個以財務資助，促進原子彈和南京大屠殺這雙方倖存者們之間交流互動的組織的領導人。（我記得這個講課者的老婆也是個原子彈的倖存者，她那時也是幫助在戰爭中遭受性犯罪的受害者的組織的一員，然而因為她沒出席所以我也不太清楚細節）

He showed us multiple photoswhich he claimed to be the victims of the incident. He was already over 90 bythe time he lectured this when I was a 6th grader so I doubt he is still aliveor at least still active, but that was clearly the only time we were mentioned about the massacre during my teenage career.

他給我們看了一些他宣稱是南京大屠殺倖存者們的照片。他講課那時都已經九十多歲了而我那時候才六年級，所以我很懷疑他現在是否還在世，但那確實是我青少年時期唯一一次聽別人説起南京大屠殺相關的事情。

Well, even then, most of usweren’t listening to his lecture a bit as there were no follow up tests whichaffects our GPA. I must confess that many of us were actually making fun aboutthe bomb and the massacre (like many of the other 13, 14 year old over theglobe).

然而，因為之後不會有相關的考試，大多數人都把課程當耳邊風。我得承認實際上當時很多人其實在拿原子彈和大屠殺來開玩笑。（就像其他世界上13，14歲的小屁孩一樣）。

2、carlett Mitchell

I’ve seen relevant information and pictures. To be honest, in the following week, the content of the pictures made me feel uneasy!

我看過相關資料和圖片。老實説，在接下來的一週裏，這些照片的內容讓我感到不安！

Their behavior was generally savage and barbaric. The Japanese were one of the most racist societies in history right up there with and possibly worse than Nazi Germany. They believed their superiority gave them to right to treat their inferiors any way they wanted and they left a swath of 10 million or more civilian bodies in their wake.

日本軍人表現得像未開化的野蠻人。當時的日本是歷史上最種族主義的國家之一，甚至比納粹德國還要惡劣。他們認為自己具有優勢，可以有權隨意對待比他們弱勢的國家，大量的平民遭到屠殺。

Civilians were shot, bayoneted, beheaded, mutilated, buried alive, raped in a frenzy of sadistic butchery across Asia wherever they went. Mustard gas and biological agents were used. Medical experiments were done. Pregnant women had their fetuses cut out and both left to die in pools of blood. POWs were murdered, starved, worked to death, used for bayonet practice, decapitated, and eaten.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ja…

https://www.hawaii.edu/powerkill…

在亞洲各地發生了瘋狂的虐待和屠殺，平民被射殺，刺死，斬首，肢解，活埋，即使逃跑也沒有用。日本人還使用芥子氣和生化武器，進行人體實驗。孕婦眼睜睜看着自己的胎兒被切除，血流不止而死。戰俘被屠殺、餓死、苦役致死，有些被用來練習刺刀，被斬首甚至被吃掉。

The Japanese have a long history of insincere apologies. Part of the reason is the populace is protected from the facts about their WWII atrocities and are actually encouraged to think of themselves as the victims in the war. Sometimes so outrageous is this denial that there are accusations that reports of atrocities are an American attempt to cover up their own warcrimes.

在很長時段內，日本人的道歉並不真誠。部分原因是民眾被避免知曉二戰中他們所犯的暴行，甚至被唆使將自己視作為二戰的受害者。有時候，這種否認太過離譜了，甚至有些日本人指責説，對日本二戰暴行的報道其實是美國為了掩蓋自己戰爭罪行。

If the Japanese were to genuinely regret and express this regret like the Germans did then I think they could look forward to being accepted back into the community of Asian nations. But instead their denials continue unabated so the tension persists.

如果日本人真的像德國人那樣悔過，並表達這種歉意，那麼我認為日本是可以被亞洲國家所重新接納的。但日本對於戰爭罪行的否認仍在繼續，不曾消減，所以緊張局勢依然存在。

Well, I admit, since then, my views on the Japanese have changed profoundly!

好吧，我承認，從那以後，我對日本人的看法發生了深刻的變化！

3、William Foster

I am from California and was born and raised here. When it comes to the history of World War 2, much of the US based cirriculum is centered around the US conflict with Japan and the European conflict, both the US portion and the European portion.

我來自加利福尼亞，在此出生成長。説到第二次世界大戰的歷史，大部分美國人的認知是以美國對日戰爭和歐洲戰爭為中心。

Very little is taught or heard about what the Japanese inflicted upon the Chinese. While the Nazis were definitely brutal, the Japanese were literal barbarian hordes in China.

很少有人知道日本人給中國人帶來的苦難。納粹確實殘忍，但在中國的日本人簡直就是未開化的野蠻人。

I started to take interest in the topic about 2.5 years go when I was in Xiamen and Fuzhou, China as we were there to adopt our youngest son. I saw a world war 2 memorial in Fuzhou and just started to read about the Japanese occupation of China. After reading about the initial invasion I got to the Rape of Nanking wikipedia article. I can’t tell you how emotional I got while reading through the mass suffering of the Chinese people in Nanking! My heart ached to know that mankind could be capable of such reckless disregard for any and all human life! Babies thrown in the air and bayonted! Tens of thousands of women raped, violated and ultimately murdered! Any Chinese adult male being taken down to the river and just machine-gunned down !

我開始對這個話題感興趣大約是在兩年半前，當時我人在廈門和福州，到中國去是為了領養我們的小兒子。我在福州參觀了一座二戰紀念館，才知道日本侵佔過中國。在瞭解最初的入侵後，我找了維基百科上一篇關於南京大屠殺的文章。我無法形容我在讀到南京大屠殺時是多麼的難受！我急切的想知道為什麼人類能對別人的生命做出如此毫不顧及的行為！嬰兒被拋向空中刺死！數以千計的婦女被強姦，侵犯最終被虐殺！中國成年男子被帶到河邊被射殺！

People here just haven’t heard about it and if they have I just don’t think they understand the absolute depravity of the Japanese. Due to the fact we are a Chinese-American household, we actively celebrate elements of Chinese culture in our home. We decorate for and celebrate Chinese new year and we attempt to take part in local Chinese new year celebrations. Last year we attended a local Chinese New Year celebration where there was traditional Chinese food, elements of their culture, and the culmination was a presentation of traditional Chinese dance. The committee invited a bunch of local politicians as guests of honor and they were invited to speak prior to the event. It was a surreal moment when one of the politicians began to talk about how poorly the Japanese were treated here in the US during world war 2, as if the Chinese in attendance wanted to hear reminders of Japan and world war 2 (for a reference, the Japanese were treated poorly during world war 2 as they were forcefully interned but that treatment was quite literally nothing to how the Japanese treated the Chinese). I couldn’t believe that he would actually bring up Japan during a celebration of Chinese new year.

（美國）這裏的人不知道這些，即使他們有了解過，我也不認為他們能認知到日本人那種徹底的惡。由於我們是一個美國人和中國人一起的家庭，我們在家積極慶祝中國傳統文化。為慶祝中國新年我們還裝飾房間，並嘗試參加當地的中國新年慶祝活動。去年，我們參加了一個當地的中國新年慶祝活動，那有傳統的中國食物，傳統的中國文化，活動的高潮是一段中國傳統舞蹈。委員會邀請了一羣當地的政客作為榮譽嘉賓，並讓他們在活動之前發言。預料不及的是其中一個政客開始談論二戰時期在美日本人遭到多麼惡劣的對待，就好像中國聽眾想要想起日本和二戰一樣（作為參考，在二戰期間日本人遭到的惡劣對待也只是被拘押，但和日本人對待中國人相比簡直就是小巫見大巫）。我無法相信在慶祝中國新年之時這個政客竟然會提到日本。

4、Jacques Văn Khải

I called the massacre is terrible one. Do you know what had costed for some small/weak countries to understand in? Because it is the brutal of human nature. And that’s how we are facing for.Please look on this by the honest view.

我覺得這起大屠殺太可怕了。你知道弱小國家花了多大的代價從中得到教訓？這就是殘忍的人性。也正是我們現在正面對的。從客觀的角度看這起事件。

China was weak. Weak those days. It was spared by the conflicts. Wars happened everywhere, everytime. And no peace there. Then Japan jumped in, made the situation come worse.

當時的中國很虛弱。因為各種矛盾而分崩離析，各地無時無刻不在爆發戰爭，毫無和平可言。然後日本人入侵了，使勢態更為惡化。

And badly…

太糟糕了…

Japan took the city after the Chinese force surrendered the city. Gen. Iwane Matsui could have done better by trying to prevent the massacre. However, the high order of the Imperial Japanese command in China had not allowed prisoners, instead killing all and all.

在中國軍隊投降後，日本佔領了這座城市。松井石根本來可以通過阻止屠殺來讓勢態變好。然而，在中國的日本帝國軍高層命令不允許有囚犯，而是全部屠殺殆盡。

Imagine, with this type of order, would they keep their human ability?As Japan also kept the similar racist view on other Asians, believing on Japanese supremacy, and they thought they could revive China, they slaughtered all of other people there, in order to “clean China”. This was not cleaning. This was massacre! Genocide! It was that type! This helped strengthen Chinese nationalism later, but the pains would never be forgotten.

想象一下，有了這種命令，日本軍人能保持人性嗎？日本也對其他亞洲人持有類似的種族主義觀點，他們堅信日本的霸權，認為他們可以重振中國，為了“清潔中國”，他們屠殺了那裏的所有人。這不是清潔。這是屠殺！是種族滅絕！就是這樣！這對後來加強中國的民族主義有所幫助，但這種痛苦永遠不會被忘記。

The Nanking massacre could be understood like this:

南京大屠殺可以這樣理解：

It showed the darkest and the most horrible part of human beings.

它展示了人類最黑暗和最可怕的一面。

It affected on the minds of the people in around the massacre.

它影響了大屠殺周圍的人們的思想。

For Japan those days: to demonstrate the invincible power of Japan in the name of pan-Asianism.

對日本來説，大屠殺是為了以泛亞洲主義的名義展示日本不可戰勝的力量。

For China those days: it strengthened China and helped Chinese to realize who they needed to fight.

對中國來説，大屠殺使中國更加團結，讓中國人意識到他們必須奮起反抗。

The Nanking still affects today. China uses Nanking like a reason for its power rising. Japan refuses because this is not China they need to excuse. For others, it was like Armenian tragedy, Jewish tragedy, and more…I feel this massacre was cruel and non-human. But it should be respected for the deaths to be in peace, not for other warmongers use as an excuse of expansion and war plans.

南京大屠殺仍然影響至今。中國利用南京大屠殺作為其崛起的一個原因。日本抵制因為這不是他們需要道歉的中國。此外，這可能也是美國人和猶太人的策略，等等。我覺得這場大屠殺是殘酷、毫無人性的。但是，對於那些為和平而犧牲的人來説，他們應該得到我們的尊重，而那些將大屠殺作為擴張和戰爭藉口的戰爭販子則不值得我們尊重。

5、M. G. Haynes,

I’d certainly never claim to speak for all “non-Chinese/Japanese” people when it comes to any subject on the planet, but I can give my thoughts as a veteran, an historian, and someone who’s spent a long time living and traveling in Northeast Asia.

當涉及這種話題時，我絕對不會説我代表了所有的非中國/日本人，但作為一個老兵、歷史學者，並且在東北亞生活旅遊過很長時間的我能發表我個人的看法。

The Nanjing Massacre was nothing short of a horrible war crime. Imperial Japanese soldiers went on a murderous rampage, raping, torturing, and killing Chinese civilians to a degree that makes any discussion of the number of victims moot. The historian in me is convinced of the horrible facts of the event by the multiple eye-witness accounts by international and fairly impartial observers. The soldier in me is unconvinced--and a little disgusted--by post-war claims that the Japanese troops went beyond their orders.

南京大屠殺是一個可怕的戰爭罪行。日本帝國的士兵陷入了瘋狂，強姦、折磨和殺害了大量中國平民，這在一定程度上使關於受害者人數的討論都懸而未決。通過國際公正觀察者的許多事件目擊記錄，作為歷史學者的我堅信這起事件駭人聽聞。日本戰後聲稱日本軍人違反命令而發動了大屠殺，這讓作為士兵的我表示懷疑——也有些噁心。我的人生經驗告訴我在各種事上日本人很容易“過分”或者説走極端。

My time spent living in this part of the world tells me that the Japanese are prone to “yari-sugi” or over-doing things…all sorts of things. These three components all come together to make me believe that 1) the killing and maltreatment of civilians happened on a very large scale, beyond what could be claimed even by WWII standards as “collateral damage”, 2) that this treatment was ordered by Japanese commanders on the scene, and 3) that it was an overwhelming display of terror intended to punish the Chinese for Japanese losses at Shanghai and cow them into eventual submission.

以下三個部分讓我相信就是那樣1）對平民的殺戮和虐待發生在非常大的範圍內，甚至超過了二戰所稱的“附帶損害”標準（注：附帶損害即在發動軍事行動中，對平民造成的傷害），2）大屠殺是由日本軍官在現場直接指揮的，3）這是一場壓倒性的恐怖活動，目的是懲罰中國人在上海對日本人造成的損傷，並脅迫其投降。

None of this is terribly insightful. What’s more interesting, I think, is why there are so many Japanese who disbelieve the event happened in the first place, or believe the Chinese have inflated the numbers of an otherwise “acceptable” number of civilian casualties. While elements of cultural distrust of the Chinese in general combines with a distrust of Communist propaganda after the war, the greater issue is that the Japanese simply don’t want to believe it. Specifically, that the nice old man living on the fourth floor--or better yet, the kindly Grandfather who rocks their grandchildren to sleep--could have ever perpetrated such inherently unbelievable atrocities.

以上都不是很深刻的見解。我認為更讓人感興趣的是為什麼會有那麼多的日本人在最初不相信發生了這起事件，或者認為中國人誇大了一個“可接受範圍”的平民傷亡人數。雖然總體上日本在文化上對中國不信任，再加之戰後對共產主義不信任的宣傳，但更大的問題是，日本人根本就不願意相信發生過這起事件。具體來説，就是住在四樓的那位和藹老人——或者更親近的，一位正在讓孫子們安睡的親切祖父，過去竟然犯下了如此磬竹難書的暴行。

Don’t ever underestimate how little the Japanese people back home knew about the detailed “sausage-making” of their war with China. As well, don’t underestimate the long-term effect on the human psyche of a never-ending stream of pre-war and wartime government propaganda. Add to that a general lack of desire (with a few notable, but easily dismissible exceptions) by returning soldiers to tell of their own horrible deeds. These men were ashamed--of losing the war if not their behavior while prosecuting it--and not terribly interested in telling those back home all the evil deeds they’d done. After all, they’d been assured victory and everyone knows that the victors write history and so these troops would have assumed that the ends justified the means and all those acts would be forgotten in the end anyway. And finally, don’t forget that post-war Japanese didn’t really want to hear it anyway, they were sick of war and warriors, blaming the destruction of their entire way of life on the militarists who’d led the emperor astray and dragged Japan into a deep abyss.

永遠不要低估日本人多麼不瞭解他們與中國戰爭的詳細經過。同樣的，也不要低估了無休止的戰前和戰時政府宣傳對人們心理的長期影響。再加上回國的士兵普遍缺乏向人們講述他們可怕行徑的念頭（有些值得注意，但很容易被無視掉）。這些人為輸掉這場戰爭而感到羞愧。他們也不想把自己的罪行告訴自己的親人。畢竟他們獲得了勝利，每個人都知道勝利者書寫歷史，所以這些軍隊認為無論如何，所有這些行為最終都將被遺忘。最後別忘了，戰後的日本人並不真的想聽這些，他們厭倦了戰爭和軍人，把他們的整個生活方式都歸咎於軍國主義者，認為這些軍國主義者把天皇引入歧途，把日本拖進了深淵。

The most important question of all, however, is how to move beyond this incident. Japan and the US are close allies today, despite a surprise attack that dragged the US into a war it was trying to avoid, the inexcusable treatment of Allied POWs, and the dropping of two atomic bombs. Taiwans have a close relationship with the Japanese and seem to, as a political body, harbor no lasting resentment，in spite of Japanese wartime atrocities committed there. Further afield, the French and Germans have a combined military unit and daily work side-by-side in NATO. Clearly, being the recipient of national-level aggression doesn’t pre-suppose antagonism 70-years later.

然而，最重要的問題是如何超越這一事件。儘管日本發動突襲把美國拉入了試圖避免的戰爭，日本對待同盟國戰俘的方式也不可原諒，美國也給日本投了兩顆原子彈，但今天日本和美國成為了非常親密的盟友。作為一個政治實體，中國台灣與日本有着密切的關係，似乎也沒了怨恨，儘管二戰時日本人在那犯了暴行。在更遠的地方，法國和德國組建了聯合的軍隊，在北約裏並肩作戰。顯然在70年後，戰爭的受害者並不希望發生對抗。

6、Juri Nakahara,

I am a Japanese who has spent some childhood in the US.

我是日本人，童年在美國生活。

You asked me to answer this question, but I know my answer is going to disappoint you and this is an honest answer as A Japanese.

你想我回答這個問題，但我的回答可能會讓你失望，以下來自一個日本人的誠實回覆。

I had been hesitating to answer after getting A2A, because I just remember the “word” Nanjing Massacre. Textbooks and education differs by generation. I am in my 30’s and don’t remember what I learned in junior high or high schools, and for me back then, history was just a subject that I had to pass tests, and I was just busy memorizing what happened in which year. This is just my experience and I don’t know about other genetations, but I think schools focused more about telling us what happend between the US and Japan. I remember that I saw some videos about the bombing in Japan and attack on Pearl Harbor.

在受邀之後，我一直猶豫着要不要回答，因為我只記得“南京大屠殺”這個詞。每一代的教科書和教育都是不同的。我已經30多歲了，我在初中或高中學到的東西已經沒有多少印象，對我來説，歷史只是我必須通過測試的一個科目，我只是在忙着記憶哪一年發生了什麼事。這只是我個人的經歷，我不知道其他世代怎麼想，但我認為，學校更關注的是告訴我們美國和日本之間發生了什麼。我記得我看過一些關於日本轟炸和偷襲珍珠港的視頻。

This is just what I think, but as for Japanese, only people who are interested in history know well about Nanjin Massacre.I am a person who was wondering why Japanese government has to keep apolozing Chinese and South Korean governments.I started using Quora several months ago and Quora users’ answers are helping me learn about what Japan did.

這只是我自己的想法，但對於日本人來説，只有對歷史感興趣的人才能很好地瞭解南京大屠殺。我很想知道為什麼日本政府要一直向中國和韓國政府道歉。我幾個月前開始用quora，quora用户的回答讓我知道了日本曾經的所作所為。

7、Derrick Patterson

I am American. I currently live in China and I often ask Chinese people how they feel about Japan. The younger generation doesn’t seem to have any bad feelings against them, however when I ask some of the older locals they usually have a negative opinion about Japanese people.

我是美國人。我現在住在中國，我經常問中國人他們怎麼看待日本人。年輕人對日本似乎沒有多少負面情緒，然而當我問當地老人時，他們常常對日本人抱有負面看法。

The Nanjing Massacre was a clear example of how dark WWII was. Think about everything that occurred. The Nanjing Massacre, the Holocaust, the genocides in Ethiopia, Pearl Harbor, etc. Innocent people dying for a war they necessarily did not want to be involved in. Japan committed war crime after war crime, viewing Chinese people as animals instead of human beings. Holding up babies with bayonets, having competitions of who could behead the most villagers, taking photos with the deceased. It was nothing short of sick and should forever be a dark chapter in Japan’s history.

南京大屠殺是個明顯的例子，印證了二戰是多麼的黑暗。想想看發生的每件事。南京大屠殺，猶太人大屠殺，埃塞俄比亞的種族滅絕，珍珠港事件，等等。無辜的人們為了一場他們本不願意捲入其中的戰爭而死。日本在戰爭中接二連三的犯下罪行，把中國人當作動物而不是人對待。用刺刀刺死嬰兒，比賽誰殺的平民最多，和受害者合影留念。這簡直就是病態，應該永遠成為日本歷史上黑暗的一章。

People all over the world should not forget the Nanjing Massacre. We should remember history and remind ourselves that war should never be the answer.

全世界的人們都不應該忘記“南京大屠殺”這場慘劇，我們應該記住歷史，然後不斷地提醒自己，戰爭永遠不應該成為答案。