英國首相親筆：保持耐心，英國終將全面重啓_風聞

今天（5月17日），英國首相鮑里斯·約翰遜在《每日郵報》發表署名文章，向國民解釋政府的最新政策，並更新疫情的最新情況。

鮑里斯稱英國已走過疫情高峯，但遠未到全面解封之時，本週英國只是邁出了重啓的第一步，還需要全民的努力和配合，才能迎來全面復甦。

同時，這篇文章也被英媒解讀為首相對於黨內右派要求快速解封的有力反駁。

對於解封，鮑里斯的核心觀點依然是：保持耐心，密切監測，一步一個腳印逐步解封。

以下是親筆全文，由英倫投資客逐字翻譯，英文附於文末：

鮑里斯·約翰遜，2020年5月17日

如果2020年教會我們什麼，那就是在我們經歷最糟糕的一切時，依然能看到人性最美好的一面。

每天都有令人心碎的消息，因為許多人因為這個冠狀病毒而喪生。雖然，受害者因此離開了他們的家人，朋友和親人。但是，他們一直活在我們心中，每個死亡，都會促使我們加倍努力來戰勝這種病毒。

我們只能通過共同行動來擊敗它。最近幾周，我們不斷看到人們為了保護他人生命而超越自我，我看到了他們的勇敢、同情心和無私奉獻。

養老院和NHS的工作者正在盡一切努力讓病人恢復健康；老師們協助照料這些關鍵工作者的孩子們；警察和獄警維持着街道和監獄的秩序；工人們堅持生產、加工、配送食品；工程師維護着電力和寬帶的連通；我們的軍隊以令人敬畏的專業精神應對各種後勤挑戰；公務員全天候工作，以執行每項政策決定-所有人都將他人放在首位。

作為最可愛的人，他們每天都在用愛與善心面對這個世界。並且，他們的努力沒有白費，因為整個英國人民都接受了這個艱鉅的挑戰：待在家裏。

我知道，與親友長期隔離是一件非常困難的事。無法去教堂，甚至無法與他人享受美好時光。擁有社交和愛是人的天性。然而，這場流行病卻剝奪了我們至關重要的人際交往。

如此巨大的犧牲已經得到回報。檢測能力增加的同時，我們也看到了確診病例趨於平穩和下降，住院人數更是連續走低。儘管此前有人預測英國沒有足夠的ICU牀位，我們的重症監護能力將難以應對這場疫情，但NHS最終沒有被擊穿。

我從一開始就明確指出，只有在安全的情況下，我們才能在科學的指導下修改封鎖措施。我們設置瞭解封必須滿足的五大條件，目前其中三條已達標，其餘兩條也取得了積極進展。我們還建立了五級新冠警報系統，該系統由新的英國聯合生物安全中心進行監測，該中心將密切評估新冠病毒的感染能力，並就我們如何解封提供決策。

英國公眾的毅力，良好的秩序，以及渴望恢復自由的願望，已經使我們向前邁進了一大步。

我們已經宣佈了關於人們什麼可以做，什麼不可以做的新規定。現在，你可以在户外待上更多的時間，例如坐下來呼吸新鮮的空氣，享受野餐或日光浴。你也可以在户外與其他家庭的人會面，但前提是要保持社交距離。你可以多次在户外運動鍛鍊。

不過即便我們修改了這些規定，但大家仍然需要保持警惕，保持社交距離並定期洗手依然非常重要。

另外，我們放鬆這些封鎖措施，是因為有證據表明，新冠病毒在户外傳播的風險很低。而增加鍛鍊，與朋友或家人在公園或路口相見，對我們的身心健康也有很大好處。

而且最重要的是，這些解封措施不會逆轉我們的抗疫結果。我相信我們考慮到了所有因素，只有在確認真正安全時，我們才會再次修改規定。

既然我們已經降低了感染率，而且感染人數越來越少，那有些人也將可以開始工作。我們與僱主、工會和政府就如何確保工作場所的安全進行了廣泛的對話。我們共同制定了復工安全指南，這意味着我們可以鼓勵無法在家工作的人們，以安全的方式回到自己的工作場所。

我們要傳達的信息是：如果可以的話，那就在家工作，如果不能在家工作，那你可以外出工作。外出時請儘量避免使用公共交通工具。

我們希望不早於六月，進入解封第二步，為更多兒童重開學校，並重新開放一些商店。

另外，我們希望不早於七月，進入解封第三步，開放一部分休閒娛樂設施，並重開酒店業。

隨着各種措施的推進，我們將逐步恢復常態，但前提一定是這些調整必須滿足我們的解封五大條件。無論在未來哪個階段，如果我們需要重新全面封鎖，我們將毫不猶豫地採取行動。沒有什麼比挽救生命更重要。

我知道人們會對某些新規則感到沮喪。我們正在嘗試做之前從未做過的事情-以安全且不會犧牲所有辛勤工作的方式-將國家從全面封鎖中移出。我意識到，我們現在面臨的問題，比簡單一句呆在家裏要複雜的多，但我們信任英國人良好的秩序觀。

如果我們都堅持下去，那麼我們將逐步走出封鎖，並讓家人見面變得更加容易和簡單。但我們必須要在適當的時機緩慢行動。

我要親自感謝你們的堅持，最重要的是，你們的耐心。我想向你們保證，一定會有妥善的解決方法。

三月的時候，我就説過，憑藉努力，我們可以在三個月內扭轉局勢。我們現在已經走過疫情高峯。

我説過，如果我們能夠得到足夠準確的抗體檢測工具，那將是巨大的進步。本週英國衞生部已經批准了100％準確的抗體測試試劑。

我説過，我們將竭盡所能尋找疫苗。雖然還有很長的路要走，而且我必須坦率承認疫苗可能永遠無法實現，但我們不放棄，且正在和全球國家共同努力。

一批最前沿的疫苗研究正在英國緊張進行。今天，我宣佈投資9300萬英鎊，比計劃提前整整12個月，在英國開設新的疫苗製造和創新中心。

我們還支持對該病毒進行藥物治療的研究，該研究可以使感染該病毒的人儘快恢復健康。

儘管做出了這些努力，但我必須承認，我們可能需要在很長一段時間和病毒共存。我們需要找到控制病毒的新方法。我們將通過檢測和跟蹤來做到這一點，即檢測出現症狀的人，並跟蹤可能已被感染的聯繫人。

NHS開發的追蹤APP將幫我們實現這一點，它會提醒可能感染該病毒的所有人。根據要求，感染或者疑似感染的人需要自我隔離，這樣一來，我們可以幫助他們保護自己的親友，並同時阻止病毒在社區中擴散。

通過對到達港口和機場的人員進行檢查並採取隔離措施，我們將能夠繼續將感染數量保持在較低水平，並且我們還可以給予其他人更多的自由，讓他們儘可能正常地生活。

到目前為止，我們已經取得了一些成就。現在，讓我們繼續保護這些成果，我們必須保持警惕。我們必須要這樣做，因為只有我們做到自律，才能幫我們恢復往日生活。

我知道這絕非易事—讓嬰兒學走第一步從來都不容易。但我希望，當未來我們回顧今天的時候，會把我們本週所做的改變，視為英國重啓之路的重要時刻。

英國首相署名文章原文：

Boris Johnson，17 May 2020

If 2020 has taught us anything, it is truly that the worst of times bring out the best in humanity.

Every day brings heart-breaking news as more lives are lost before their time to this vicious coronavirus. Every victim leaves behind family, friends and loved ones who mourn their loss. They remain constantly in my thoughts; each death a spur to redouble our efforts to defeat this virus.

We can only defeat it by acting together. In recent weeks we have seen phenomenal bravery, compassion and selflessness as people go above and beyond to protect the lives of others.

The staff in our care homes and NHS doing all they can to bring the sick back to health. Teachers helping critical workers go to work by looking after their children, while still teaching those at home. Police and prison officers keeping order on our streets and in our prisons. Those producing, processing, distributing and selling food. Engineers keeping the lights on and our broadband connected. Our armed forces rising to every logistical challenge with awesome professionalism. Civil servants working round the clock to implement every policy decision – all these people are putting others first.

They are the best of us, punctuating each day with a million acts of love and kindness. And their efforts have not been in vain for a simple reason – because the British people as a whole have risen so magnificently to the challenge we set: to stay at home.

I don’t underestimate how difficult it has been for everyone to be cut off from friends and parents, children and grandchildren, brothers and sisters. Unable to visit places of worship or even just spend time with others. We thrive off social contact and having those we love around us – it’s human nature. Yet those vital human connections have been cruelly denied to all of us by this insidious disease.

These enormous sacrifices have paid off. We have seen the number of positive cases plateau and fall, even as testing capacity has increased tenfold. The number of people admitted to hospital with Covid has steadily fallen. Despite predictions that critical care capacity would struggle to cope, the NHS was emphatically not overwhelmed.

I made clear from the outset that we can only make changes to the lockdown when it is safe to do so, guided by science. We set five tests, of which three have been met and progress is being made on the remaining two. We are setting up a system of COVID-19 Alert levels, which will be overseen by a new UK Joint Biosecurity Centre designed to assess the spread of the virus and inform decisions over how we lift the lockdown.

It is the British public’s fortitude, their perseverance, their good common sense and their desire to return to the freedoms they hold dear that has allowed us to inch forwards.

We have announced new rules on what people can and cannot do in England. You can now spend as much time as you like outdoors, for example sitting and enjoying the fresh air, picnicking, or sunbathing. You can meet one other person from a different household outdoors, provided you maintain social distancing. You can exercise outdoors as often as you wish and play sport.

Even with these changes, it’s vital that people stay alert, keep their distance from others and carry on washing their hands regularly.

These changes are possible because the evidence shows that the risk of transmission is significantly lower outdoors. Being able to see a friend or family member at a safe distance, in a park or at the end of the road, provides significant benefits to our physical and mental wellbeing - but crucially, it does not risk reversing the gains we have so far won in the fight against the virus. I am confident that the balance of risk, taking everything into account, means we can safely make this change.

Now that we have driven the rate of infection down, and there are fewer infections, some people can also start returning to work. We have held extensive talks with employers, trade unions and the devolved administrations about how to make workplaces safe. The COVID-19 Secure guidelines we developed together mean we can encourage people who can’t work from home to go to their place of work in a safe way.

The message is: work from home if you can but travel to work if you can’t. And avoid public transport if you can, but use it if you can’t.

No earlier than June, we hope to move to step two, opening schools to more children and re-opening some shops. And no earlier than July, we can move to step three, opening parts of the leisure and hospitality sectors. Over time we can gradually get closer to a kind of normality - but only if the evidence shows these adjustments are compatible with our five tests. And if at any stage we need to tighten the restrictions, we will not hesitate to act. Nothing is more important than saving lives.

I understand that people will feel frustrated with some of the new rules. We are trying to do something that has never had to be done before - moving the country out of a full lockdown, in a way which is safe and does not risk sacrificing all of your hard work. I recognise what we are now asking is more complex than simply staying at home - but this is a complex problem and we need to trust in the good sense of the British people.

If we all stick at it, then we’ll be able, gradually, to get rid of the complexities and the restrictions and make it easier and simpler for families to meet again. But we must move slowly, and at the right time.

I want to thank you personally for sticking with us and - most of all - for being so patient. And I want to reassure you that there is a route out of this.

In the darkness of March, I said that with hard work, we could turn the tide within three months. We have now passed through the peak.

I said that, if we could get an antibody test showing whether you have had the disease, it would be a huge step forward. This week Public Health England have approved an antibody test which is 100% accurate.

I said we would throw everything we could at finding a vaccine. There remains a very long way to go, and I must be frank that a vaccine might not come to fruition. But we are leading the global effort. Some of the most promising research into vaccines is happening right here in the UK - and this weekend we are announcing a £93 million investment to open the new Vaccine Manufacturing and Innovation Centre a full 12 months ahead of schedule.

We are also supporting research into drug treatments for the virus which can bring as many people who have caught the virus back to full health as possible.

Despite these efforts, we have to acknowledge we may need to live with this virus for some time to come. We need to find new ways to control the virus. We will do that through testing and tracing - testing individuals who have symptoms to see if they have the virus and tracing contacts who may have been infected.

The NHS app and an army of contact tracers will help us alert anyone who may have caught the virus. By asking them to self isolate, we will help them protect their friends, family and loved ones, while stopping the spread of the virus in the wider community.

By screening arrivals at ports and airports and introducing quarantine measures, we will be able to keep the number of infections at low levels, and we can give everyone else more freedom to lead their lives as normally as possible.

We have achieved a lot together so far. Let’s not throw it all away now. In return for the small freedoms we are now allowing ourselves, we must stay alert. We must do so in the knowledge that our self-discipline will, eventually, lead to the return of our much-missed normality.

I know this will not be easy - the first baby steps never are. But I hope that, when we look back, the changes we have made this week will be seen as an important moment on the road to our nation’s recovery.