《文明衝突與世界秩序的重建》節選_風聞
guan_15573944711863-2021-05-14 21:43
【本文由“海邊緣”推薦,來自《新鄉時報:美國已無法再定義何為“民主”》評論區,標題為小編添加】
1996年,美國著名政治學家薩繆爾·亨廷頓的代表作《文明衝突與世界秩序的重建》節選:
“In the emerging world of ethnic conflict and civilizational clash, Western belief in the universality of Western culture suffers three problems: it is false; it is immoral; and it is dangerous.”
眼下的世界,種族矛盾和文明衝突正浮出水面,由是觀之,西方人認為西方文化四海皆准的觀念存在三個問題:它是錯誤的,它是不道德的,它是危險的。
Hypocrisy, double standards, and “but nots” are the price of universalist pretensions. Democracy is promoted, but not if it brings Islamic fundamentalists to power; nonproliferation is preached for Iran and Iraq, but not for Israel; free trade is the elixir of economic growth, but not for agriculture; human rights are an issue for China, but not with Saudi Arabia; aggression against oil-owning Kuwaitis is massively repulsed, but not against non-oil-owning Bosnians. Double standards in practice are the unavoidable price of universal standards of principle.”
偽善、雙重標準、以及諸多“如若,則不是”,乃是普世主義者自大狂所要付出的代價。民主在四處被推銷,如若民主會讓“***”原教旨主義登堂入室,則就不是民主;防止核武器擴散是對伊朗和伊拉克的忽悠,但卻不會針對以色列;自由貿易被認為是經濟增長的靈丹妙藥,但卻不適用於農業;人權對於中國是一個問題,沙特阿拉伯卻能置身事外;侵略出產石油的科威特,當即成為共同的敵人,但侵略沒有石油的波斯尼亞卻可以逍遙法外。在實踐中的雙重標準,乃是原則成為普世標準後必須要付出的代價。