為什麼東亞國家普遍要比東南亞發達？_風聞

【來源龍騰網】

評論原創翻譯：

Anonymous

Put simply, because of China/Confucianism and India/Hinduism.

South East Asia has been influenced by the Indian style of monarchy. This meant all power was concentrated in the king, without a government. Therefore when he died, there was no succession - everyone could claim his throne, making South East Asia unstable.

East Asia was under Chinese Confucian influence. As Confucianism is very patriarchal, East Asian kingdoms were usually inherited by the king’s eldest son. This was all maintained by a bureaucracy, which South East Asian kingdoms usually lacked.

Confucianism is also more clan-based. East Asians usually had a family tree, which helped them to support each other (for business, power etc). Indianised South East Asians didn’t have such a clan system.

簡單地説，就是中國的儒家思想和印度的印度教思想之間存在巨大的區別

東南亞一直受到印度君主制度的影響。這意味着所有的權力都集中在國王手裏，沒有政府。因此，當國王一死，王位無人繼承的時候，所有人都會出來爭奪王位，這使得東南亞變得很不穩定

東亞處於中國的儒家思想影響下。由於儒家思想崇尚宗法制度，東亞國家往往是由國王長子繼承王位。東亞國家的運行要靠官僚機構維持，而這是東南亞國家所缺乏的。

儒家思想往往以宗族為基礎。東亞人往往都會有一本家譜，這有助於他們彼此之間相互幫助。印度化的東南亞人沒有這樣一個宗族系統。

Sai Sathvik Madisetty

June 19

You have a lot of misconceptions regarding Hindu monarchy system. In Hindu monarchy/law, the father decides which son should inherit the throne. I guess you are referring to Mughal empire and other Islamic Empires. Mughals were strictly following their Turko-Mongol system where the sons fight for inheritance, even though there were only 2 emperors who were not Indianized. The concept of respecting elders and worshipping ancestors is very much part of Hindu/Buddhist/Jain/Sikh philosophy.

你對印度的君主制度有很大的誤解。在印度的君主制/法律中，父親決定由誰來繼承自己的王位。我猜你指的是莫卧兒帝國和其他伊斯蘭帝國。莫卧兒人嚴格遵循突厥-蒙古制度，兒子們為繼承權而戰，儘管只有兩個君主沒有被印度化。尊敬長輩和崇拜祖先的觀念是印度教/佛教/耆那教/錫克教哲學的重要組成部分。

Kenneth Marks, works at Self-Employment

I guess you are referring to China, Japan and Korean. The all have ports for trade and they are educated and spend money on research and development. The south Asian countries leaders are more concerned with their personal wealth first.

我猜你指的是中國，日本和韓國。這些國家都有貿易港口，普及了教育，而且在研發上又投入了大筆資金。南亞國家的領導人更關心他們的個人財富。

Sunataro Suna, studied at MBA in Hospitality and Tourism

Beause the SEA states has been destroyed and robbed by invaders. the colonialism destroyed the local government system for hundreads of years. robbed natural resources, and forced the newly independent states to pay war compensation, thus making the colonized countries lbackward and poor.

因為東南亞的國家遭受到了侵略者的破壞和掠奪。殖民主義破壞了東南亞數百年來的政府系統，他們掠奪自然資源，強迫新獨立的國家支付戰爭賠款，這些做法使得殖民地國家變得落後又貧窮。

Peter Topping, ASEAN nerd, Indonesia fan and Myanmar watcher with Vietnamese neighbours.

Answered November 2, 2018

The East Asian Cultures of Japan, Korea & Taiwan have had the advantage of being defence funded propositions in the period 1945 onward. All have seen billions of dollars of funding from the US and the West into them as buffers against Soviet expansionism. Their products have easy access to rich markets of the United States and the West

東亞文化下的日本韓國和台灣地區擁有一個優勢，那就是他們的國防可以獲得外部的資助，美國和西方將他們作為對抗蘇聯的緩衝區，向其投資了數十億美元。他們的產品可以輕易的進入美國和西方這些富裕國家的市場

They are culturally much more homogenous than the SE Asian nations.

They also have the advantage of not having had a European Colonial History.

They also have had the continuous and stabilising advantage of Centuries of engagement with the Chinese Empire and culture. All developed Chinese cultural traits for respect for authority, study, saving and education which helps with governance and development.

SE Asia has only entered the post colonial and nation building experience in the 50s and 60s and then it was wracked by war and civil conflict.

與東南亞國家相比，東亞國家文化同質性更高

他們還有一個優勢就是沒有遭受過歐洲的殖民

幾個世紀以來，他們一直與中華帝國和中華文化保持着持續穩定的聯繫。中國先進的文化特徵，如尊重權威，崇尚學習，熱衷儲蓄教育等，都對治理和發展起到了幫助作用。

東南亞在50年代和60年代才進入後殖民國家建設階段，然後又遭遇了戰爭和國內衝突的破壞。

Anonymous

Because of the stronger work ethics of East Asians in general. Those countries also belong to the Sinosphere. No seriously, here’s why..

Industrialisation

Japan and Korea industrialized earlier at the turn of the century followed by China. Japan and China escaped colonialism. Most South East Asian countries did not industrialized as fast for social and political reasons.

是因為東亞人的職業道德普遍較高，這些國家都屬於中華文化圈，説真的，不是這樣的，原因在於：

工業化

日本和韓國工業化較早，中國緊隨其後。中國和日本擺脱了殖民主義，由於社會和政治原因，大部分東南亞國家工業化速度很慢

Access to port is another key advantage East Asian cities had. The most important cities in China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan tend to be located along the coast, many were established by European traders to begin with. The advantage of having many port cities is that it is easier to conduct international trade through shipping, transportation of raw materials and development of the local steel industries.

東亞城市的另一個優勢就是接近港口。中國、日本、韓國和台灣地區最重要的城市往往位於沿海地區，許多城市剛開始往往是歐洲商人建立的。擁有許多港口城市的優勢在於，通過海運可以更容易的進行國際貿易，可以方便原材料的運輸和當地鋼鐵行業的發展。

Development in South East Asian countries are concentrated in a few centres over vast jurisdictions, partly due to the “divide and conquer” policy of their former colonial masters. Countries like the Phillipines and Indonesia cover large archipelago with thousands of islands.

東南亞國家的發展集中在少數幾個行政區中心，部分原因在於前殖民統治者對其實行的分而治之的政策。像菲律賓和印尼這樣的國家就是由數千個島嶼組成的羣島。

Internal conflicts

Chinese, Japanese and South Korean societies are largely harmoneous. The population are largely ethnically homogeneous. On the other hand, countries such as Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia suffered from years of internal conflicts, civil wars, insurgencies and repressive government regimes.

內部衝突

中國、日本和韓國社會在很大程度上是和諧的。這些國家的人口大部分是由同一種族組成。另一方面，緬甸、越南、老撾和柬埔寨等國多年來飽受內部衝突、內戰、叛亂和專制政府的蹂躪。

Government system

Japan, South Korea and Taiwan have adopted western style parliamentary democracy. South East Asian countries were ruled by dictators/military junta up until the late 1980s (the Phillipines) or 1990s (Indonesia, Myanmar).

Savings

East Asian countries tend to save more than their South East Asian counterparts. This means they can draw from domestic source for their borrowings.

政府制度

日本，韓國和台灣地區實行西方議會民主制度。但東南亞國家直到上世紀80年代（菲律賓）90年代（印尼，緬甸）都是由軍政府獨裁統治的。

儲蓄

東亞國家的儲蓄率往往要比東南亞國家要高。這意味着東亞國家可以直接從國內借款。

原創翻譯：龍騰網 http://www.ltaaa.cn 轉載請註明出處

Trade with the US

East Asian countries benefit from stronger bilateral trade relationships with the US. The US pumped a lot of investment into those countries, leading to both transfer of capital and technology. Now have a look at the value of bilateral trades:

US-China trade $578 billion, US-Japan $195 billion, US-S.Korea $112 billion, US-Taiwan $65.3 billion

Meanwhile the US trade with Indonesia (South East Asia’s largest economy) is worth only $25 billion a year.

與美國貿易

東亞國家與美國的雙邊貿易關係更強，這給他們帶來了很大的好處。美國向這些國家注入了大量投資，導致了資本和技術的轉移。現在看看東亞國家和美國的雙邊貿易額：

美國和中國貿易額5780億美元，美國和日本貿易額1950億美元，美國和韓國貿易額1120億美元，美國和台灣地區貿易額653億美元

與此同時，美國與東南亞最大經濟體印尼的貿易額每年只有250億美元

James Luong , East Asian researcher

Personally, I think it has to do with both a country’s potential, culture and history. Let’s compare four countries: China, Korea, Vietnam, Singapore.

我個人認為，這與一個國家的潛力、文化和歷史都有關係。以下四個國家我們可以比較一下：中國，韓國，越南和新加坡