英國將向飲用水中添加氟化物以消除蛀牙_風聞

【來源龍騰網】

正文原創翻譯：

Fluoride will be added to UK drinking water to cut tooth decay

-Chief medical officers cite estimates that more mineral in water would reduce cavities by 28% among poorest children

英國將向飲用水中添加氟化物以消除蛀牙

——首席醫療官員援引估計，在水中添加更多的礦物質可以減少最貧窮兒童28%的蛀牙

(Tooth decay is the biggest cause of hospitalisation for UK children aged from five to nine.)

（齲齒是英國5 - 9歲兒童住院治療的最大原因。）

新聞簡介：

在英國首席醫療官員得出氟化物可以消除蛀牙的結論後，全國各地的飲用水預計將添加氟化物。

英格蘭首席醫療官克里斯·惠蒂以及威爾士、蘇格蘭和北愛爾蘭的首席醫療官引用了英格蘭公共衞生局的評估，在供水中添加更多氟化物將使最富有的兒童減少17%的齲齒，最貧窮的兒童減少28%的齲齒。

2016年，澳大利亞首席健康和醫學研究機構在分析了3000多項研究後表示，在飲用水中添加礦物質不會降低一個人的智商，有不會導致癌症或任何其他負面健康影響。

評論翻譯

what-the-puck 

I didn’t see any numbers posted, so here goes:

Fluoride in water is kept at a concentration of 0.5 to 1.0 mg/L, usually between 0.5 and 0.7.

The first symptoms of fluoride toxicity happen at 0.2–0.3 mg/kg (simple gastrointestinal discomfort). For a 10kg child that would be 2 to 3 mg total.

Teenagers and adults shouldn’t exceed 10mg/person/day but with higher weight and higher tolerance they need easily 25mg to see gastrointestinal discomfort.

By the time a child is 1 year old, to reach risk of death from fluoride consumption, they’d need 50mg or about 200 glasses of water. Teenagers and adults would need 1000+.

A separate concern is bone health. A systematic review (a review of multiple studies) published in 2000 found that it was likely that there was a correlation between fluoridated tap water and hip fractures.

Analysis of the results of that systematic review found that the source studies used were not particularly good, and basing a conclusion on an average of poor studies doesn’t tend to produce reliable results. Four of the source studies indicated fluoridated water strongly increases risk, and five said it strongly decreases risk.

我沒有在新聞裏看到任何公佈的數字，所以這裏：

水中氟化物的濃度保持在0.5 - 1.0 mg/L，通常在0.5 - 0.7之間。

氟中毒的最初症狀出現在0.2-0.3 mg/kg時（單純胃腸道不適）。對於一個體重10公斤的兒童來説，總共需要2到3毫克。

青少年和成年人攝入不應超過10mg/人/天，但體重和耐受性較高的人很容易需要25mg才會出現腸胃不適。

到孩子1歲的時候，要達到因攝入氟化物而死亡的風險，他們需要50毫克或大約200杯水。青少年和成人需要1000杯以上。

另一個問題是骨骼健康。2000年發表的一項系統綜述（對多項研究的綜述）發現，加氟自來水和髖部骨折之間可能存在相關性。

對系統評估結果的分析發現，所使用的來源研究不是特別好，基於平均水平較差的研究得出的結論往往不會產生可靠的結果。四項來源研究表明，含氟水會極大地增加風險，而五項研究表明它會極大地降低風險。

Might_be_a_Geek

My grandfather-in-law was an admin at his local waterworks when they first started adding fluoride to the water, and they purposefully announced it was being added 2 weeks before they actually did. They got so many calls during those two weeks before they started actually adding it from people claiming to have been getting violently sick from it. He spoke to a lady who said she and her dogs were violently ill from it and he said “ma’am we actually have not added it yet.” She went silent and just said “…Oh.” And the call pretty much ended like that

我妻子的爺爺是當地自來水廠的管理員，當他們第一次開始往水中添加氟化物的時候，他們故意在兩週前就宣佈要添加氟化物。在他們開始添加它之前的兩週內，他們接到了很多電話，都是聲稱因為加氟而嚴重生病的人打來的。他與一位女士交談，這位女士説她和她的狗狗因此病得很嚴重，他説，“女士，我們實際上還沒有添加它。”她沉默了，只是説了聲“哦。”電話就這樣掛斷了

Zakluor 

My city (in New Brunswick, Canada) stopped adding fluoride to the water supply a few years ago. A movement started whereby some people thought it was a terrible thing for a city to do and that it was not necessary, and the city was all too happy to save the money.

I had a dental plan and made use of it, along with regular dental hygiene at home. I wonder about those not so well-off. How are they making out? A lot of dentists in town were saying the poorer people would not fare as well.

我所在的城市（加拿大新不倫瑞克）幾年前就停止向供水中添加氟化物了。因為開始了一場運動，一些人認為這是一個城市做的一件可怕的事情，沒有必要加氟，然後城市都太高興了，因為省錢了。

我有一個牙科計劃，並利用了它，以及在家裏的定期牙科衞生保健。我想知道那些不那麼富裕的人。他們情況如何？城裏的很多牙醫都説窮人的情況不會好到哪裏去。

SouthernComfort214 

It’s already been proven that the removal of fluoride will result in higher numbers of cavities in children.

已經證明，去除氟化物會導致兒童更多的蛀牙。（譯註：鏈接）

rohobian

I had a lot more cavities when I was a kid than now. I haven’t had a cavity in at least 12 years now. As a child, I had 7 or 8 in total over the years. And as a kid, my home was on well water, which obviously didn’t have any fluoride in it. I brushed my teeth at roughly the same rate, but they were crooked. I always chalked it up to crooked teeth, and maybe not being quite as thorough in my brushing, since I was a child. Now I’m not so sure. Probably just another contributing factor, but I’d bet I wouldn’t have had as many cavities if we were on city water the whole time.

我小時候的蛀牙比現在多得多。我至少有12年沒蛀牙了。當我還是個孩子的時候，我總共有7到8個蛀牙。當我還是個孩子的時候，我的家用井水，很明顯井水裏沒有任何氟化物。我刷牙的速度大致相同，但它們是彎曲的。從我還是個孩子的時候起，我總是用粉筆來標記我彎曲的牙齒，也許我刷牙的時候沒有那麼徹底。現在我不那麼確定了。也許這只是另一個因素，但我敢打賭，如果我們一直用城市自來水，我本不會有這麼多蛀牙。

joeyggg 

I wonder if the kids who don’t brush at all are driving the results. There’s no flouride in the drinking water where I live so I like to think using flouride toothpaste and mouthwash twice Daily is doing the trick.

我想知道是不是那些根本不刷牙的孩子導致了這個結果。我住的地方的飲用水中沒有氟化物，所以我喜歡每天使用兩次含氟化物的牙膏和漱口水。