長津湖戰役誰是勝利者?_風聞
西方朔-2021-10-15 08:18
終焉之時提督卡利班討逆軍務總兵官 諾艾爾小天使天下第一誰贏得了長津湖戰役?Who Won the Chosin Reservoir Campaign?
誰贏得了長津湖戰役是中國第九兵團還是美軍第十軍?在某種意義上,每個人都可以宣稱勝利。*決定誰獲勝的一條經驗法則是,在戰鬥結束後,誰掌控着戰場?從這方面來説,中國人的主張具有不可否認的決定性。*三野第九兵團確實迫使聯合國軍從整個朝鮮東北部撤離,並從那裏通過海路撤離。它確實完全保護了四野的左翼,該部此時正在攻擊西部的美軍第八軍,並且阻止了第十軍幫助該軍,因為林彪的老兵們在趕走了美國第八軍通過一次近乎恐慌的撤退中。這些都是巨大的成功。但第九兵團並沒有摧毀海軍陸戰隊第1師,這是它宣稱的任務,也沒有在1950年11月27日至12月12日的一系列戰鬥中擊敗第十軍,以及隨後在12月24日完成的撤離行動中圍繞亨納姆周邊的小規模行動。Who won the Chosin Reservoir campaignthe Chinese IX Army Group or the X Corps? Each can claim victory in a certain sense. One rule of thumb in deciding who wins is to ask, Who holds the battlefield after the fighting is over? In this respect the Chinese claim has a finality that cannot be denied. The CCF IX Army Group of the Third Field Army did force UN forces from all of northeast Korea and an evacuation from there by sea. It did fully protect the left flank of the CCF Fourth Field Army divisions, which attacked Eighth Army in the west, and it prevented the X Corps from helping that army as Lin Piao’s veterans drove the US Eighth Army out of North Korea in a near-panic retreat. These were great successes. But the IX Army Group did not destroy the 1st Marine Division, which was its avowed mission, and it did not defeat the X Corps in the series of battles extending from 27 November to 12 December 1950 and the subsequent minor actions around the Hungnam perimeter during the evacuation, which was completed on 24 December
第十軍可以宣稱在長津湖取得了戰鬥勝利,因為作為一項軍事行動,它在一系列戰鬥中擊敗了CCF IX集團軍,使其能夠將大部分部隊作為有效的作戰戰術單位撤到海岸,並進行有序的撤離,保持部隊的完整性,保存並保留了幾乎所有的裝備(美國第7師第31步兵戰鬥隊除外),並在撤離後組成一支隨時準備戰鬥的部隊,可投入其他地方行動。
The X Corps can claim abattle victory in the Chosin Reservoir in the sense that, as a military operation, it defeated the CCF IX Army Group in a series of battles that enabled it to withdraw most of its forces as effective combat tactical units to the seacoast and to proceed with an orderly evacuation, retaining unit integrity, saving and retaining virtually all its equipment (excepting the US 31st Infantry Combat Team of the 7th Division), and constituting upon evacuation a battle-ready force that could be committed to action elsewhere.
以上來自 Escaping the Trap The Us Army X Corps in Northeast Korea, 1950 (Texas a and M University Military History Series, 14) by Roy Edgar Appleman。也是英文維基百科引用比較多的資料
其實這個來自和這位的專業人士美國陸軍的回答很接近@劉翔熙
*其實這個和我很好奇,美國哪本軍史分析文章都沒説過長津湖是美軍贏了吧? 撐死説陸戰一師史密斯師長謹慎的有先見之明,在情況極端不利下(被志願軍徹底打懵逼)利用美軍的整體裝備優勢果斷跑路成功並打出了不錯的傷亡比是一個亮點。 為啥有人會問誰是勝利者這個觀點?我很同意沈林煜同學的觀點,勝利是針對戰鬥目的而言的,美國陸戰一師這一戰的最開始戰鬥目的一開始難道是成功跑路避免傷筋動骨? 顯然不是麼。。。 否則的話,直接扭頭就向南走,不與志願軍接觸,不更可以實現這個戰鬥目的? 這場戰役最簡單的陳述就是: 美軍進攻,志願軍設伏,美軍發現艹,有埋伏後,扭頭就跑,志願軍沒攔住。 可以説,除了最後沒攔住,志願軍都是贏的啊。*作者:劉翔熙鏈接:https://www.zhihu.com/question/26824436/answer/660116881來源:知乎著作權歸作者所有。商業轉載請聯繫作者獲得授權,非商業轉載請註明出處。
這場戰役和砥平裏戰鬥其實很像,暴露了志願軍裝備體系和後勤體系的嚴重短板,當然美軍更尷尬,之前和之後的一系列戰鬥表明,美軍丟掉了已經佔領的大半部北朝鮮領土並不是被志願軍活活打跑的,而是按照以前側翼被攻擊不撤退就會被包圍然後全軍覆沒的經驗被嚇跑的