如何快速學習複雜的材料?_風聞

【來源龍騰網】

評論原創翻譯：

James Hilton, Web Developer

James Hilton, 網頁開發人員

It totally depends on what you’re learning. I don’t believe there’s a set way to learn everything most effectively.

Tim Ferris did a TV show on this though, so look it up and you can see how he learns some complex things fast. He is very logical and systematic about his approach, and I like to be that way also.

The biggest thing that everyone forgets when learning something new is that there are fundamentals that you must detect and then keep in mind ALL the time.

Take the topic of nutrition, for example… There’s a million people out there calling themselves professionals and throwing around false advice that they don’t even understand because they are not aware of the fundamentals of energy usage. If they keep studying for a couple years they’ll eventually figure it out and think to themselves “Omg, that was one of the first things I learnt… I can’t believe I didn’t realise that! I’ve been telling everyone the wrong thing for years!!!”

這完全取決於你在學什麼。我不相信存在固定的方法可以最有效地學習所有事。

Tim Ferris做了一個關於這方面的電視節目，所以查一下，你可以看到他是如何快速學會一些複雜的事情的。他的方法很有邏輯性和系統性，我也喜歡這樣。

在學習新事物時，每個人都會忘記的最重要一件事是，你必須找出其基本原理，然後時刻牢記在心。

以營養學為例：有一百萬人自稱是專業人士，到處散佈連他們自己都不理解的錯誤建議，因為他們不知道能源使用的基本原理。如果他們堅持學習幾年，他們最終會明白這一點，並對自己説：“天哪，這是我學到的第一件事，我不敢相信我竟然沒有意識到！我多年來一直在告訴每個人錯誤的事情！”

Learning something else like an instrument requires you to build coordination between your body and your mind first, so the most important thing is short regular practice to get that connection going. Once it’s going, learning the chords/tabs are easy.

Studying anatomy can be incredibly difficult if you do not have a purpose to study it. Once you have a REASON to study it other than “I just want to know it for no reason at all”, you will remember things much faster. Once you have a use-case scenario, you can put all the pieces together to make sense.

Programming languages are absolutely overwhelming at first, but if you look at an example of it in action, you can break it down quickly and learn what certain things do. Try learning PHP from PHP.net as opposed to tizag.com One is a reference tool made by the creators of PHP, the other is a step by step beginner to intermediate to expert guide showing real life examples as it goes.

學習其他東西，比如樂器，首先需要你在身體和大腦之間建立協調，所以最重要的是進行短期的定期練習，以使這種聯繫繼續下去。一旦開始，後面學習和絃/製表符就很容易了。

如果你沒有學習解剖學的目的，學習解剖學可能會非常困難。一旦你有了學習它的理由，而不是“我只是想毫無理由地瞭解它”，你就會更快地記住事情。一旦你有了一個用例場景，你就可以把所有的部分聯繫在一起，使之有意義。

一開始學習編程語言絕對是非常困難的，但是如果你看過一個實際的例子，你可以很快地將它分解，並瞭解某些事情是怎麼做的。嘗試從PHP.net而不是tizag.com學習PHP一個是PHP創建者製作的參考工具，另一個是一個循序漸進的初學者到中級到專家指南，展示了真實生活中的示例。

When learning maths, confidence plays a crucial part. This is very obvious when someone gives you a puzzle or complex question, and you attempt it and say it can’t be done. Then they tell you, “yes it can, even I figured it out.” And suddenly you go back to it with the confidence that “if they can, I CAN!” and you figure it out easily. I’ve taught some adults basic maths and they have such low confidence from their schooling experience that they are overwhelmed by the thought of a simple multiplication or division… 8/4 for example. Their confidence is so low that they can’t even begin to figure it out, but after explaining it differently they see the patterns and figure it out by themselves. The next time they answer that question they’ll still have that “overwhelming can’t do it” attitude, until you tell them to stop and take their time, then they figure it out. They have to repeat this over and over until it’s so natural that they can get rid of that installed fear.

So to summarize, when you learn a new complex subject, do this:

在學習數學時，自信起着至關重要的作用。當有人給你一個謎題或複雜的問題，你嘗試着去做，卻發現這是不可能完成的—此時自信的作用非常重要—然後他們告訴你，“是的，它可以，甚至我也能做出來。”然後突然你帶着自信去解決它，“如果他們能，我能！”然後你很容易地找到解決方案。我教過一些成年人的基礎數學，他們的學習經歷讓他們信心不足，以至於他們被簡單的乘法或除法所困住。例如8/4。他們的自信心很低，甚至無法理解，但在以不同的方式解釋之後，他們看到了模式，並自己理解。下一次他們回答這個問題時，他們仍然會有那種“非常困難而無法完成”的態度，直到你告訴他們停下來慢慢來，然後他們就會明白。他們必須一遍又一遍地重複這一點，直到十分自然進入狀態，他們才可以擺脱這種根深蒂固的恐懼。

總之，當你學習一門新的複雜學科時，要做到以下幾點：

原創翻譯：龍騰網 http://www.ltaaa.cn 轉載請註明出處

Find the fundamentals straight away. (basics that you must always remember whiel learning)

Find the principles straight away. (Rules that do not change regardless of how something contradicts it.)

Have confidence that if any other human can learn it, you can too.

Have a reason to learn it so that you can use the knowledge AS you learn it.

Find the best step by step guide first by asking people or searching and flicking through all guides available to you.

So give us an example of what you’re learning!

直接找到基本原理。（學習時必須牢記的基本知識）

立即找到原則。（規則不會改變，無論某事物如何與之衝突。）

要有信心，如果其他人能學會，你也能。

有一個學習的理由，這樣你就可以在學習的過程中運用這些知識。

通過詢問他人或搜索和瀏覽所有可用的指南，首先找到最佳的分步指南。

所以給我們一個你正在學習的例子吧！

Rose Aap, MBA Digital Marketing, University of Twente (2020)

Rose Aap, 特温特大學工商管理碩士:數字營銷(2020)

The average person has the capacity for about 3 to 4 hours of effective focus per day. You are able to extend your period of focus by training oneself, but firstly, my suggestion would be to effectively utilise the capacity you currently have. You can do this by adhering to the following guidelines:

Divide the 3/4 hours into several sessions ranging from 30 to 90 minutes. These sessions have to be of equal length. You can increase the length of your sessions once you’ve become comfortable with this method.

Choose several books that cover the topic to be studied in-depth (or online materials, as long as the device you’re using is offline during your sessions).

Sit down [insert own number of sessions] a day for the chosen period of time in a room with no distractions, which includes your phone (having a smartphone in your vicinity is detrimental to your focus). Set a timer, open your book, and start (speed)reading until the timer goes off. Then have a break that is (at the minimum) as long as your study sessions.

The book which I’m basing this on (Deep Work by Cal Newport) advises the reader to eliminate the inner voice during reading, meaning you just read without echoing the words internally. I’m presuming this is for the purpose of increasing reading speed.

Make sure that you’re in a mindset of curiosity and are deeply focused on the material while reading (even though this may be challenging at first).

Embrace boredom during the periods that you’re not studying. This allows the brain to process the information you’ve read without too much interference. Watching TV and using social media is a general no-go, since this requires a degree of focus and will therefore cause your study sessions to be less effective (these activities eat away at your limited time of effective focus and represent the inverse of productivity).

To ensure a fresh and renewed capacity for effective focus the following day, I’d suggest you plan all of your study sessions before 6 PM.

This method has worked wonders for me. Good luck.

普通人每天有3到4小時的有效注意力的專注時間。你可以通過自我訓練來延長你的專注期，但首先，我的建議是有效利用你目前的能力。您可以通過遵守以下準則來實現這一點：

將3到4小時分為30到90分鐘的幾節課。但是時間必須相等。一旦你習慣了這種方法，你可以增加你的單次時間。

選擇幾本涵蓋要深入研究的主題的書籍（或在線材料，只要您在專注期間使用的設備處於離線狀態）。

在選定的時間段內，每天在一個房間裏坐下來[安排好專注的時間]，不要分心，包括手機（附近的智能手機會影響你的注意力）。設置計時器，打開書，開始（快速）閲讀，直到計時結束。然後休息（至少）和你的學習時間一樣長。

Cal Newport的《深度工作》—此書可以為你在這個階段打好基礎，建議讀者在閲讀過程中消除內心的聲音，也就是説，你只是閲讀，而沒有內部的回聲。我想這是為了提高閲讀速度。

確保你處於好奇心的心態中，並且在閲讀時將注意力集中在材料上（儘管一開始這可能很有挑戰性）。

在你不學習的時候擁抱無聊。這使得大腦能夠在不受太多幹擾的情況下處理你所閲讀的信息。通常不要去看電視和使用社交媒體，因為這需要一定程度的專注度，因此會導致你的學習課程效率降低（這些活動會消耗你有限的有效專注時間，並對生產力產生反相反）。

為了確保第二天有新的、更新的能力來有效地集中注意力，我建議你在下午6點之前計劃好所有的學習課程。

這種方法對我起了奇效，祝你好運。

David Merriman, Co founder at Magic

David Merriman, Magic的聯合創始人

原創翻譯：龍騰網 http://www.ltaaa.cn 轉載請註明出處

The easiest, fastest, and most effective way is also the most fun. Get passionate about it.

I once spent an entire afternoon learning how to comprehend Graham’s number - a mindbogglingly large number once used as an upper bound in a mathematical proof - simply because I thought it was fascinating! Were that task assigned to me, and were I as uninterested in it as I am with most mathematical concepts, I would have dragged myself through it, slowly and painfully….

最簡單、最快、最有效的方法也是最有趣的—對學習內容充滿激情。我曾經花了一整個下午學習如何理解格雷厄姆的數字：一個令人難以置信的大數字，曾經被用作數學證明的上界；只是因為我覺得它太迷人了!如果這項任務是分配給我的，如果我對它不感興趣，就像我對大多數數學概念一樣，我會拖着自己慢慢地、痛苦地完成它

Brewin Vaz, Technology Enthusiast

Brewin Vaz，技術愛好者

1. If the concept can be visualized, I usually search for videos on the internet. A picture is worth a thousand words. You can then go deeper into the material.

2. If the concept cannot be visualized, I associate it with concepts that I have learnt earlier or have an idea about. I then fill in the gaps.

如果這個概念可以形象化，我通常會在網上搜索視頻。一圖勝千言，然後你可以更深入地瞭解材料。

如果這個概念無法形象化，我就把它與我之前學過的或有類似的概念聯繫起來，然後我填補空白。

原創翻譯：龍騰網 http://www.ltaaa.cn 轉載請註明出處

Taylor Case, Front-End Engineer at Cloud4Wi (2014-present)

Taylor Case, Cloud4Wi前端工程師(2014-至今)

The best way for me would be to break it down to the most basic levels, and learn them individually.

Also prioritizing the different concepts to build up a strong foundation in the subject that you are trying to learn.

I also usually study hard for 50 mins to 1 hr and then take a break, then get back at it. That seems like the most efficient way for me; once I get past 1 hr my brain starts to become unresponsive and taking a 5-15 min break refreshes it enough to keep going. Hope this helps, and good luck!

對我來説，最好的方法是把它分解成最基本的層次，然後逐個學習。

同時，優先考慮不同的概念，為你要學習的學科打下堅實的基礎。

我也經常努力學習50分鐘到1小時，然後休息一下，然後繼續學習。這對我來説似乎是最有效的方法;一旦我學習超過1小時，我的大腦就會開始變遲滯，休息5-15分鐘就足以讓它恢復活力繼續工作。希望這對你有所幫助，祝你好運!

Manish Raj Sharma

You just have to be a step ahead of opposition. See my friend, you do not have to be another tree in the jungle.

Whenever people learn things, they only get the volumes which are provided in that piece of information. That is not being “a step ahead of opposition”, in fact it means to be another tree in the jungle.

Now, how do you learn complex material or thing quickly? As a trainer and public speaker i always make sure that my information goes beyond their expectations. “Learn and Teach” whatever you learnt, start teaching others…period!

The best and unique ways to learn complex material quickly and effectively is…for instance you want to learn about dreams so,

Unknown facts about dreams

Rare facts about dreams

Amazing facts about dreams

Interesting facts about dreams and Hidden facts about dreams

你只需要比對手領先一步。注意，我的朋友，你不必是叢林中的另一棵樹。

每當人們學習東西時，他們只會得到該信息中提供的數量。這並不是“領先對手一步”，事實上，這意味着成為叢林中的另一棵樹。

現在，你如何快速學習複雜的材料或事物？作為培訓師和演説家，我總是確保我的信息超出他們的預期。“學和教”：無論你學了什麼，要開始教別人！

快速有效地學習複雜材料的最佳和獨特的方法是：

例如，你想學習關於夢想的知識；

關於夢想的未知事實

關於夢想的罕見事實

關於夢想的驚人事實

關於夢想的有趣事實和隱藏事實