有啓停功能(比如等紅燈時)的發動機是否比傳統發動機磨損得更快？_風聞

【來源龍騰網】

評論原創翻譯：

Certified_GSD

On top of everyone else’s answer, it’s important to note the role that the motor oil plays in the process. Motor oil that is at operating temperature and hasn’t been broken down allows the metal surfaces inside the engine to almost never touch. The wear goes into the oil and not the metal, the former being much easier to replace than the latter.

When an engine is shut off, the oil is still hot (typical operating temperature is 205°F-220°F depending on the manufacturer/design) and it’s continuing to drip and cover all of the metal surfaces such as the pistons, valve springs, etc etc. Starting the engine in this state causes very, very little wear as again, it’s the oil taking the wear and not the metal.

Cold, winter starts are when the engine takes the most wear, when the oil is most viscous. Start/Stop systems typically do not kick in when they detect the engine is not at operating temperature or power needs exceed a certain threshold.

重點是要注意機油在這個過程中所起的作用。處於工作温度且未被分解的機油可以保證發動機內部的金屬表面幾乎不會相互接觸。磨損的是機油而不是金屬，而機油比發動機更容易更換。

當發動機關閉時，機油仍然是熱的(典型的工作温度是205~220華氏度，96~104攝氏度，取決於製造商和設計)，它繼續充滿並覆蓋所有的金屬表面，比如活塞、氣門彈簧等。在這種狀態下啓動發動機只會造成非常非常小的磨損，同樣的，磨損的是機油而不是金屬。

寒冷的冬季啓動是發動機磨損最嚴重的時候，這時機油最粘稠。這時啓停系統通常不會啓動，因為電腦檢測到發動機不在工作温度或功率需求超過某一閾值。

i_got_skrimps

So my vehicles that have been sitting much more during the pandemic with drastically lower miles could be worse off than if i had used it normally?

I let the engine warm up before putting it in gear, religiously.

ETA: everybody commenting i don’t need to warm up the engine are fundamentally flawed on so many levels. I’m not some no nothing car owner lol I’ve built engines and know my way around an engine bay.

那麼，我的汽車在疫情期間經常閒置，行駛里程大幅降低，可能比我正常使用更糟？

我非常謹慎地讓發動機預熱後才掛上檔位。

編輯：很多評論説我不需要預熱發動機，他們的説法都是有問題的。

You absolutely should warm it up before driving. Sure, you can drive safely while cold, and it does help warm up faster. However, spirited driving is bad on a cold engine and you have no idea what’s going to happen 1 minute down the road. It doesn’t take long for it to warm a bit before you drive (unless it’s freezing outside). Oil weight when cold vs warm do different things.

Folks, if you have the time, just let it warm before driving. It isn’t hard to do and it’s better for your engine.

開車前絕對應該熱車。當然，在寒冷天氣，相比原地熱車，平穩駕駛可以讓車更快熱起來。但是，激烈駕駛對冷的發動機是有害的，你很難判斷什麼才算平穩。暖車不需要很久的（除非外面很冷)。在寒冷和温暖時，油的重量是不同的。

朋友們，如果你們有時間，開車前先讓它熱一下。這並不難做到，這對你的發動機有好處。

Certified_GSD

So my vehicles that have been sitting much more during the pandemic with drastically lower miles could be worse off than if i had used it normally?

It depends. For most people, that’s okay that it sits for a little bit longer. Cars are meant to be driven, and when they sit for a year or more is when it becomes something to be concerned about. As long as it’s being driven often enough that you don’t need to jump start it, you should be okay because you’re keeping the fluids inside moving and not letting the coolant/fuel/oil separate.

——那麼，我的汽車在疫情期間經常閒置，行駛里程大幅降低，可能比我正常使用更糟？

視情況而定。對大多數人來説，它閒置時間長一點沒關係。汽車本來就是用來駕駛的，當它們閒置了一年或更久時，就該注意了。只要經常駕駛，保證不需要接電，你的車應該沒事，因為你保持了內部的液體流動，不讓冷卻劑、燃料、機油分離。

原創翻譯：龍騰網 http://www.ltaaa.cn 轉載請註明出處

I let the engine warm up before putting it in gear, religiously.

You may want to start driving sooner. An idle engine won’t warm up as fast as a working engine, and you want to get the engine up to operating temperature as soon as possible. Advancements in oil technology have brought motor oils to the point that they’re still quite effective for low loads at low temperatures while keeping the engine protected.

You can try this for yourself on a cold winter day: five minutes in an idle car and the heater doesn’t really get that much warmer. Five minutes of driving and you’ll already start to feel some heat coming through the vents.

On top of that, most vehicles nowadays have electronically controlled thermostats. Your radiator usually doesn’t do any work cooling the coolant and it’s instead rerouted back into constantly until you’re at operating temperature.

——我非常謹慎地讓發動機預熱後才掛上檔位。

你最好儘快開車。怠速發動機的預熱速度不如正常行駛的發動機快，你應該儘快讓發動機達到工作温度。石油工業的進步使機油在低温低負荷的情況下仍然非常有效，同時可以保護發動機。

你可以在寒冷的冬天自己嘗試一下：在怠速汽車裏呆五分鐘，加熱器不會真的變熱。而開車五分鐘，你就會開始感覺到一些熱度從通風口湧來。

最重要的是，現在大多數汽車都有電子控制的恆温器。你的散熱器一般會原地怠工，直到你的發動機達到工作温度。

level 5

Certified_GSD

Minimal sitting is okay as long as it’s still being driven often enough that the battery (assuming it’s in good health) doesn’t need to be jumped. Most car batteries can go three to six months without being charged.

This will keep the fluids from separating, which will cause its own issues. You should still change the oil once a year no matter how many or few miles were driven, as oil tends to collect dirt and water. Same with fuel: don’t let it sit for longer than a year without fresh fuel, as most fuels are blended with ethanol which attracts water.

You’ll want to park the vehicle in a temperature controlled garage, or at least in a covered spot to minimize UV damage to the paint. The former is to have better control over the humidity to hopefully minimize any water retention in the brake fluid.

只要保持足夠頻繁的駕駛，不需要更換電池(假設電池健康狀況良好)，這樣偶爾閒置是沒問題的。大多數汽車電池不充電可以使用三到六個月。這將防止會導致問題的液體分離。不管你開的距離有多少，你還是應該每年換一次機油，因為機油容易積聚灰塵和水。燃料也一樣：在不加新燃料的情況下，不要讓它存放超過一年，因為大多數燃料都與乙醇混合，會吸水。

你最好把車停在恆温的室內停車場，起碼也是能遮風擋雨的地方，免得紫外線損傷車漆。最好是濕度也是適宜的，這樣可以儘量減少剎車油吸水。

cynric42

Minimal sitting is okay as long as it’s still being driven often enough that the battery (assuming it’s in good health) doesn’t need to be jumped. Most car batteries can go three to six months without being charged.

This seems rather optimistic, at least with colder temperatures if you are parking outside. I’d consider 2-3 months the uppper limit with all the computers and stuff that is always running in cars these days, even in sleep mode, and would try to move the car maybe once a month or so to be on the safe side. And if you are living somewhere wet or worse, drove in wet or icy conditions with road salt on the ground, your brakes will probably start sticking in a week and may be hard to get moving again after only a few weeks sitting.

I usually try to drive at least every other week and far enough, to really get the engine and exhaust warm and the one time I didn’t and my car got snowed in for 2 months, I needed a jump start and my brakes were noticably pitted afterwards.

——只要保持足夠頻繁的駕駛，不需要更換電池(假設電池健康狀況良好)，這樣偶爾閒置是沒問題的。大多數汽車電池不充電可以使用三到六個月。

似乎過於樂觀了，至少在氣温較低的情況下，如果你把車停在室外。我認為2-3個月，就是現在這些汽車上的電腦和設備的上限了——即使是在睡眠模式下，為了安全起見，我可能會試着每月動一次車。如果你住在潮濕或更糟糕的地方，在潮濕或結冰的條件下開車，加上路面上有鹽，你的剎車可能會在一週內卡住，可能停了幾周就很難開動了。

我通常至少每隔一週開一次車，開足夠遠，讓發動機和排氣暖起來，但有一次我沒有這樣做，我的車被雪困了兩個月，我需要搭電，然後我的剎車明顯出了故障。