斯洛文尼亞副總理：“一箇中國原則”是國際共識，個人觀點不能代表斯洛文尼亞_風聞

1月17日，斯洛文尼亞總理亞內茲·揚沙（Janez Jansa）在接受印度媒體採訪時，多次用“國家”指稱台灣，並稱斯洛文尼亞正與台灣洽談互設“代表處”。

《華聞週刊》瞭解到，斯洛文尼亞總理的“涉台”言論發佈後，不僅在國際社會中引發了強烈反應，更在斯洛文尼亞國內“一石激起千層浪”。

那麼，斯洛文尼亞國內到底如何看待該言論？該言論是否意味着斯洛文尼亞對華外交政策的改變？就相關問題，斯洛文尼亞副總理兼經濟發展和技術部部長茲德拉夫科·波契瓦爾舍克（Zdravko Počivalšek）接受了《華聞週刊》的專訪。

斯洛文尼亞副總理兼經濟發展和技術部部長茲德拉夫科·波契瓦爾舍克（Zdravko Počivalšek）

以下為採訪實錄：

《華聞週刊》：根據您所瞭解的情況來看，斯洛文尼亞總理亞內茲·揚沙的涉台言論能否代表斯洛文尼亞當前的主流政治思潮？

**波契瓦爾舍克：**斯洛文尼亞國內的政治理念、政黨及其利益訴求千差萬別。在宣佈將通過開設“貿易代表處”來促進經濟合作時，很多的誤解產生了，但一些觀點，其實並未在政府中討論。

必須要指出的是，如果要做出這類決定，它必須要經過特定的程序，但據我所知，到目前為止，還沒有任何指向這個方向的程序啓動。在斯洛文尼亞共和國總統博魯特·帕霍爾（H.E. Borut Pahor）的聲明中也提到了這一點。

《華聞週刊》：對於總理的涉台言論，您個人有什麼評論？

**波契瓦爾舍克：**由於歷史發展進程的不同，在歐洲，人們可能會用不同的方式去看待這類事情。我在看待他表達的觀點時，也會考慮到這個方面。正如我在最早的評論中所提到的，在國際關係中必須考慮到其他人的立場，最重要的是，必須考慮到經濟層面的利益訴求。要做到這些，我們需要更加包容地去解決問題，因為衝突並不會帶來更好的解決方案。可以預見的是，儘管出現了一些小的外交挫折，我們兩國的關係仍將能成功發展。

國家之間一直存在着外交渠道，作為一個國家最高層的代表，我們有責任去運用外交渠道並通過它們來對話。發表個人觀點，同樣必須考慮到經濟和政治的現實因素。

《華聞週刊》： 1月19日，中國外交部發言人趙立堅表示“一箇中國的原則是中斯、中歐關係的政治基礎”。在您看來，斯洛文尼亞總理近期的涉台言論是否會對中斯關係帶來根本性的破壞？為什麼？

**波契瓦爾舍克：**我理解中國的立場。“一箇中國原則”是對華國際關係中公認的既定準則。對我來説，尊重不同觀點，合作伙伴之間面對面地真誠溝通，是國際關係的基礎。

我知道某些個人觀點的確已經影響到了我們的關係，但我相信，我們不僅能夠去解決這些問題，而且還能以此為動力進一步去增進兩國一直以來的良好關係。據我所知，斯洛文尼亞在經濟領域與中國一直保持着很好的合作，我們也有斯洛文尼亞-中國商業協會（Slovenian-Chinese Business Council），它與各方都定期保持着聯繫。因此，企業的確有機會向政治家表達他們的觀點，而政治家則必須為企業創造良好合作的條件，這也一直是我工作的重點。

《華聞週刊》：據您的觀察，近年來，中斯關係出現了哪些變化？在中斯關係中，最關鍵的共同利益點有哪些？您認為，在當前的形勢下，兩國可以通過哪些方式來改善和促進彼此之間的關係？

**波契瓦爾舍克：**中斯關係在整體上是好的。然而，在日常生活中，兩個夥伴之間也會不時出現一些問題。固執的人，會將彼此的關係引向進一步的衝突甚至最終導致關係破裂，但有智慧的人則會去對話，去耐心地解決這些問題，並能夠考慮到對方的出發點和觀點。我相信，這次的情況也是如此。對我來説，在國際政治中，經濟利益應該始終是一個最重要的考慮因素。我相信，我們兩國合作中的共同利益，將最終佔據上風。

《華聞週刊》：對於中斯關係的最終走向，您是否樂觀？您認為，未來在哪些領域兩國可以進一步深化合作，以便讓我們所處的世界變得更好？

**波契瓦爾舍克：**是的，我對此持樂觀態度。正如在中東歐國家“17+1倡議”會議上我與中國國家主席習近平在交談中已經確定的那樣，我們之間還有很大的增進合作的空間。在該會議上，斯洛文尼亞也一直是中國的一個積極的合作伙伴。我們可以在食品、醫藥、創新、綠色發展和基礎設施等領域迅速擴大經濟合作。斯洛文尼亞也可以在促進歐中關係方面發揮重要作用。

這次的誤解也表明，在理解彼此的觀點和避免誤解方面，我們還需要做更多的工作。我們都已看到，全球化已推動了不同體系之間的日益融合，但與此同時，我們的認知能力還未能跟上，尤其是將現存的差異和彼此不同的出發點納入自身考慮範圍的能力，而這些差異和不同出發點都受到各自歷史條件的制約。如果我們想要更快地取得進展，或者正如你在問題中提到的，讓我們所生活的世界變得更美好，這一點以及寬容和開放，是必不可少的。

《華聞週刊》：除了以上的問題，您還有什麼想要補充？

**波契瓦爾舍克：**在中國農曆新年到來之際，我想向你們和你們親愛的家人送上我最美好的衷心祝願。祝你們幸福快樂相伴，興旺繁榮相隨。

附英文版採訪實錄：

The Chinese Weekly: Do the Prime Minister’s remarks represent the current mainstream political thoughts in Slovenia or just represent the interests of specific groups?

Minister Zdravko Počivalšek: Political ideas, parties, and interests in Slovenia differ in a thousand ways. By announcing the improvement of economic cooperation through the opening of trade representations, a lot of misunderstandings had occurred. Some views were not discussed within the government.

It should be understood that such decisions require certain procedures and, as far as I know, no procedure in this direction has been initiated. This was also stated by the president of the Republic of Slovenia H.E. Borut Pahor.

The Chinese Weekly: What are your comments on the Prime Minister’s remarks and plans? 

**Minister Zdravko Počivalšek:**In Europe, we look at these things differently due to different historical developments. It is in this light that I look at the views he expressed. As I already stated in my first comment, the views of others and, above all, economic interests must also be taken into account in international relations. In doing so, things need to be resolved in a tolerant manner, as conflicts do not lead to better solutions. Our relations can conceivably be successful despite minor diplomatic setbacks. 

Diplomatic channels exist between countries and it is our duty, as the most senior representatives, to use them and converse through them. Personal views must also take into account economic and political realities.

The Chinese Weekly: On 19th Jan, China’s Foreign Ministry spokesperson Zhao Lijian said that ‘the one-China principle is the political foundation of China-Slovenia and China-Europe relations’. Do you think Slovenia’s recent policies regarding Taiwan will fundamentally damage the basis of China-Slovenia relations? Why?

**Minister Zdravko Počivalšek:**I understand the Chinese position. The One-China Principle is an established and recognised norm in international relations with China. For me, respecting different views and sincere communication between partners, tête-à-tête, is the foundation of international relations. I am aware personal views have shaken up our relations, but I believe that not only that will we sort things out, but also that this will serve as an impetus for further improvement of the traditionally good relations we have. I know that the Slovenian economy cooperates excellently with China, and that there is also the Slovenian-Chinese Business Council, which has regular relations with all stakeholders, so it is right that businesses sometimes convey their opinions to politicians, while politicians must provide businesses with conditions for the excellent cooperation, which is always the focus of my work. 

The Chinese Weekly: Given your knowledge, how have the relations between Slovenia and China changed in recent years? What interests are most crucial in these relations? Under current circumstances, what should Slovenia and China do to fix their relationship?

Minister Zdravko Počivalšek: The Slovenian-Chinese relations are good in principle. Problems, however, do occur in everyday life between two partners. Stubborn people take them towards further conflict or even break-up, while smart ones have a talk and patiently resolve them, taking into account where the other comes from and their views. I believe that this will also be the case this time. For me, economic interests are always paramount in international politics. I am convinced that mutual interest in cooperation will prevail. 

**The Chinese Weekly:**Are you optimistic about the future of China-Slovenia relations? What do you think will be the possible areas in which Slovenia and China can cooperate with each other to make our world a better place?

**Minister Zdravko Počivalšek:**Yes, I am optimistic. As I and President Xi Jinping have already established in our conversation at 17+1 Initiative meeting, in which Slovenia of course remains an active partner, there is still a lot of room for even better cooperation. Economic cooperation can be rapidly expanded in areas such as food, medicine, innovation, green development, and infrastructure. Slovenia can also play an important role in promoting EU-China relations. 

This misunderstanding also shows that all of us need to do much more when it comes to understanding each other’s views and avoiding such misunderstandings. We can all see that globalisation also leads to increasing convergence between systems. At the same time, we have not sufficiently developed our ability to understand and, above all, take into account the existing differences and starting points, which are also conditioned by history. This, as well as tolerance and openness, are essential if we want to make faster progress. Or, as you mentioned in the question, to make our world a better place. 

**The Chinese Weekly:**Is there anything you would like to add?

**Minister Zdravko Počivalšek:**My heartfelt and best wishes are with you all and your loving families throughout this Chinese New Year and always. Wishing you have all the joy and prosperity. 

文/採訪 張雪

圖片由斯洛文尼亞經濟發展和技術部提供