聯合國前副秘書長：為青年參與治理全球環境危機提出四項倡議_風聞

2022年5月13日上午，由山東省人民政府、中國人民對外友好協會、中華全國青年聯合會、中國宋慶齡基金會主辦，山東省人民政府外事辦公室、全球化智庫（CCG）等機構承辦的“2022國際青年交流大會”舉行，聯合國前副秘書長兼環境規劃署執行主任埃裏克·索爾海姆在論壇上發表致辭：

大家好，我是埃裏克·索爾海姆，前聯合國環境規劃署執行主任，也是“一帶一路”綠色發展國際聯盟的負責人之一。我很高興受邀在山東省濟南市舉辦的國際青年交流大會上致辭。山東是中國的重要省份之一，是人口第二大省和經濟第三大省。在我的老朋友李幹傑書記的領導下，山東正在高速發展。山東位於黃河入海口，是中華文明發展的核心地區，是中國歷史的重要組成部分，也是一個非常美麗的地方。

幾年前，我和我的兒子奧克森去了孔子的故鄉曲阜。我們都非常欣賞孔子的智慧。他2500年前的教誨在當今這個時代仍然適用。孔子認為，智慧、仁愛和勇敢是人類最重要的三個道德品質。而在21世紀，我們也要將這些牢記於心，因為它們能夠解決當今時代的三重危機，即氣候變化、環境破壞和環境污染。讓我們汲取孔子的智慧，用智慧的方式促進科學進步，做正確的事情；我們必須要懷有仁愛之心，考慮到每個人，包括窮人；我們必須要勇敢，在解決這個問題之前，決不停下腳步，勇氣對於尋找新的解決方案來説至關重要。

而在這場與三重環境危機的鬥爭中，青年人可以發揮非常重要的作用。除了青年人之外，沒有人能夠解決這個問題。縱觀歷史，重大運動的發起者往往是青年，比如中國的五四運動就是由青年發起的。你們可以通過多種方式助力環境保護，你們可以創立綠色企業、可以通過學術研究來探討環境和綠色議題，也可以在日常生活中成為一名綠色公民，成為他人的榜樣，或投身於你的家鄉和國家的環境改善。

我在此提出四項倡議。第一，請推廣太陽能和可再生能源。當你看到停車場或農舍時，請向那裏的人們提出架設太陽能板的建議，因為太陽能是現在世界上最便宜的能源，比煤炭及化石燃料便宜得多。但我們需要加大對太陽能的推廣力度，讓世界各地都用上太陽能。中國在風能和太陽能領域領先世界，但還能發揮更大作用。

第二，請助力電力交通。當你的家庭購買汽車時，請選擇電動汽車。購買自行車時，請選擇電動自行車。另外，也請推廣快速交通和公共交通。我知道乘坐高鐵在幾個小時內就可以從濟南去北京或上海。希望各位能夠將同樣快速的公共交通工具推廣到世界其他地方。

第三，請多植樹。我們需要一個更加綠色的世界。深圳是一個綠化率很高的中國城市，美麗的綠色走廊貫穿整個城市，杭州、蘇州等城市也是如此，但我們仍需要在各地種植更多的樹木。習近平主席承諾，從現在到2030年，中國每年將種植相當於比利時國土面積的樹林，這是一個非常鼓舞人心的承諾。

最後，請助力循環經濟發展。拒絕塑料浪費、拒絕糧食浪費、拒絕電子產品浪費，由企業將它們集中回收，用於發展循環經濟。

做到推廣可再生能源和電力交通方式、積極植樹並發展循環經濟，我們將解決當今時代面臨的三重環境危機。中國在這方面處於領先地位，世界上80%的太陽能電池板產自中國，99%的電動公交車行駛在中國的馬路上。中國在綠色氫能、風能乃至基本上所有綠色技術方面都是世界第一。中國現在日益成為綠色環保實踐的領導者，比如，中國正在黃河的大部分地區實行捕魚禁令，以期在一段時間內恢復魚的數量，這是很好的範例。山東省是中國綠色行動的領導者，正如習主席所説“綠水青山就是金山銀山”，最近，我從一些青島朋友那裏得知，青島決定建設世界級綠色港口，努力成為綠色航運的領導者；淄博的朋友告訴我他們想把淄博打造成電池之都和綠色氫能之城。有這麼多令人讚歎的進步和項目都來自山東，助力中國成為全球綠色領袖。

因此，對於此次在濟南舉行的國際青年交流大會，我十分期待，祝大會圓滿成功，期待諸位的討論取得豐碩成果。

謝謝。

英文原文：

Hello, Ni Hao, I’m Eric Solheim, the former Executive Director of UN-Environment. I’m currently one of the leaders of the Green Belt and Road Coalition. I’m so happy to be asked to speak at the Global Youth Forum in Jinan, Shandong province. Shandong is one of the key provinces of China, the second biggest in population, the third biggest economy in China, and now searching ahead under the good leadership of my long-term friend, party secretary, Li Ganjie. Shandong is also the core of the Chinese civilization at the mouth of the Yellow River, and the key part of China throughout history, a very beautiful place.

Few years back, I went to Qufu, the hometown of Confucius, with my son Oxen. And we really enjoyed the wisdom of this man. 2500 years back, he taught us lessons for our time. Confucius said, wisdom, compassion and courage are the three most important moral qualities of man. And let’s take that to heart also in the 21st century, then that target triple crisis in our time, which is a triple environment crisis: climate change, environment destruction and pollution. Let’s use the wisdom of Confucius. We must do it with wisdom, building up on science, doing the right things. We must do it with compassion, bringing everyone on board, also poor people. And we must do it with courage. We cannot stop before we have solved this problem. So being brave, looking for new solutions are absolutely critical.

And in this struggle to defeat the triple environment crisis, young people has a very important role to play. No one will solve this problem except young people. Throughout history, young people were always the people who started big movements. Look at China, where the May Fourth Movement, for example, was done by young people. And you can do it in many ways. You can be entrepreneurs starting green business. You can do through a studies, studying environment and green issues. And you can do it through a private life, being a green citizen, showing an example to others, or engaging in the environment issues in your town or your nation.

And I have four tasks for you. Please promote solar and renewable energy. When you see a roof of a parking spot or farmhouse, please ask people to put up solar panels. Because solar is the cheapest energy in the world, much cheaper than coal or any fossil fuels. But we need to supercharge the solar energy and bring it everywhere. China is the leading nation in the wind and solar energy, but China can also do more.

Secondly, please promote electric mobility. When your family buy a car, please buy an electric car. If you buy a bicycle, please buy an electric bicycle. And, of course, please promote rapid transport and public transport. You can all go in a couple of hours from Jinan to Beijing or to Shanghai with the super fast, beautiful Chinese trains. And let’s promote the same fast public mobility to the rest of the world.

Thirdly, please plant trees. We need a much greener world. Shenzhen is a fantastic green city in China, with beautiful green corridors through the city. And of course, Hangzhou, Suzhou, so many other Chinese cities, are green, that we need to plant more trees everywhere. And they promise, by President Xi, that China will plant an area in the size of Belgium every year, from now to 2030. That’s a fantastic, inspiring promise by President Xi.

And finally, please promote a circular economy. Don’t waste plastic, don’t waste food, don’t waste electronics, but ask companies to take them back and circulate them into a renewable economy.

We do all this, the renewable energy, electric transport, tree planting and the circular economy, we will solve the great crisis of our time, the triple environment crisis. And China, of course, is now so much in the lead. 80% of all solar panels in the world are produced in China. 99% of all electric buses in the world are running on Chinese roads. And China is number one in green hydrogen, wind energy, basically every technology. And China is also now more and more a leader in green environment practice. At the Yellow River, for instance, China is now stopping fisheries in big parts of the Yellow River to get fish back in abundance in some time. This is a great example. Shandong province has a leading role in this movement in China to go green. Green is gold, as Presidency is saying. I’m just recently been in touch with people in Qingdao, they want to make Qingdao a green port in the world, lead a place for green shipping, or people from the city of Zibo, they want to make Zibo an electric battery capital, or a green hydrogen city. There are so many exciting processes and programs coming from Shandong and helping China to be a green leader.

So, I’m excited about this youth conference in Jinan. I wish it complete success, and I’m very eager to hear about the sounds or discussions in Jinan. Xie xie.

（本文根據前聯合國副秘書長兼環境規劃署執行主任埃裏克·索爾海姆在全球化智庫（CCG）等機構舉辦的“2022國際青年交流大會”上的發言整理，未經本人審閲，轉載請註明出處）