佩洛西答記者問,能不能別這麼翻譯?_風聞
外宣微记-外宣微记官方账号-2022-08-12 14:28

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8月10日,佩洛西答記者問時回應中方制裁:
She laughed off Beijing’s move to slap sanctions on her, telling reporters: “Who cares?……That isincidentalto me, of no relevance whatsoever.” (Politico.com)
佩洛西這句回答被中文媒體廣泛引用,但是,文刀君驚奇地發現,“incidental”一詞被一眾中文媒體誤譯為“偶然的(by chance)”:中方對她的制裁只是偶然的,無關緊要。
這大概又是“(a) word--(一個)中文詞”這種“填坑式”詞語習得慣性在作祟。
“incidental”有“偶然”之意,但“偶然”絕非“incidental”的唯一,而佩洛西笑答記者這個語境下,“incidental”更談不上什麼偶然還是必然。
還是來看英英詞典對“incidental”的釋義,為了方便對照理解,多引幾部詞典釋義:
If one thing is incidental to another, it is less important than the other thing or is not a major part of it. (《柯林斯高階詞典》)
happening in connection with sth else, but not as important as it, or not intended: (《牛津高階詞典》)
1 a : being likely to ensue as a chance or minor consequence (Merriam Webster)
《柯林斯高階詞典》還給了一句例句:
At the bottom of the bill, you will notice various incidental expenses such as faxes.
此句中的“incidental expenses(雜費)”顯然是相較於賬單(bill)中的大頭支出而言。實踐中,翻譯“(其他)零用”“其他雜項開支”都曾用“incidental”一詞來譯。
從《牛津高階詞典》與Merriam Webster的釋義可以看出,“偶然(not intended/as a chance)”只是“incidental”的一個維度,而“less important”“of minor consequence”則是另一個非常重要的維度。
佩洛西笑答記者,是在表達對中方制裁的不屑,“incidental”指的是“sanctions are of minor consequence to her”“sanctions are an unimportant by-product of her Taiwan visit”,與後半句“of no relevance”其實是相呼應的。
不妨也看看詞典對relevance的釋義:
Something’s relevance to a situation or person is its importance or significance in that situation or to that person. (《柯林斯高階詞典》)
編譯國際新聞,正確理解英文是關鍵。根據語境正確理解“incidental”的含義,不能想當然地拿“偶然”一詞去對應。
從實踐來看,儘早擺脱“蘿蔔填坑”式詞語習得方法是正確理解英文的關鍵。反過來,對詞語掌握過於片面,也嚴重影響中國話語外譯能力。不可兒戲。