斗轉星移換了新顏！美國網友:在中國時,你對他們的貧困水平有何反應_風聞

美國網友問：在訪問中國時，你對他們驚人的貧困水平有何反應？

上個世紀，一些發達國家的記者前來中國進行了考察拍攝，將中國人的狀況一一記錄在冊，在他們所拍攝的照片中，中國人幾乎都是面黃肌瘦，營養不良。這些記者將這些照片帶回國內，很多外國人看後都印象深刻，以至於一想起中國，就會想到那些在戰爭中苟延殘喘的國人。在國外很多論壇上，評論者都認為中國目前處於落後狀態，甚至提出各種各樣的奇葩言論，比如問中國有電、汽車、公路、因特網等等司空見慣的東西嗎？這讓人摸不着頭腦。還有美國人問：在訪問中國時，你對驚人的貧困水平有何反應？我們看看各國網友的回答。

海外網友Really Wu的回答

When I first came to China, I was almost shocked by the poverty and social problems in this country. It’s hard to imagine there are so many homeless people in this self proclaimed strong country, and the drug problem seems to be very serious. I’ll show you a photo.

當我第一次來到中國的時候，我幾乎被這個國家的貧困和社會問題震驚了，很難想象在這個自稱強大的國家裏有這麼多無家可歸的人，而且毒品問題似乎也很嚴重。我拿張照片給你看看。

Looking at this picture, it is shocking that China’s subway or train stations are almost occupied by homeless people.

看這張圖片，令人震驚的是，中國的地鐵或火車站幾乎被無家可歸的人佔據。

There are also homeless people under the bridge in Shanghai.

在上海的橋下也有無家可歸的人。

This picture shows that young people in China can hardly find jobs, and when homeless people ask for money, it indicates that the country has no future.

這張圖片顯示，中國的年輕人幾乎找不到工作，當無家可歸的人要錢時，這表明這個國家沒有未來。

As shown in the figure below, it is ironic that the tents of homeless people on Beijing Road are still covered with national flags.

如下圖所示，具有諷刺意味的是，北京路上流浪漢的帳篷裏仍然掛滿了國旗。

Outside the brightly lit Chinese restaurant in Guangzhou, homeless people crowded around trash cans, with no human rights for both black and white people.

在燈火通明的廣州中餐館外，無家可歸的人擠在垃圾桶旁，無論是黑人還是白人，都沒有人權可言。

In the picture below, the streets of Shenzhen are filled with drug addicts.

下圖裏，深圳的街道上到處都是癮君子。

Looking at the last picture, Chinese people are filled with walking corpses everywhere. It may be because they are not full, or they are too common in traditional Chinese medicine, or both. Beside the busy traffic, the poor in China are starving on the roadside.

看看最後一張圖，中國人到處是行屍走肉，可能是他們吃不飽，或者是他們在中藥中太普遍，或者兩者兼而有之。在繁忙的交通旁邊，中國的窮人正在路邊捱餓。

Let’s end with this, as we can see from the picture above, China is a despairing country that disregards the life and death of its lower class people. Ironically, this country is proud of its strength. Seeing such a China, the future will definitely belong to the United States, please rest assured.

讓我們以此結束，正如我們從上面的圖片中看到的那樣，中國是一個絕望的國家，不顧底層人民的生死，諷刺的是，這個國家以強大為榮。看到這樣的中國，未來一定是屬於美國的，請放心。

Just kidding, the picture above comes from big cities in the Americas such as New York, Boston, and San Francisco.

開個玩笑，上面的現象和圖片全部來自紐約、波士頓、舊金山等美洲大城市。

海外網友Mia Brown的回答

Let’s talk about rural China, which is usually considered the poorest part of the country. When I visit rural China, I often feel very shocked. I cover my mouth to prevent myself from crying - it’s just an exaggeration. What I want to say is that the changes in rural China are much faster and more comprehensive than I imagined, which left a deep impression on me.

讓我們來談談中國的農村，那裏通常被認為是這個國家最貧窮的地方。當我訪問中國農村的時候，我經常感到非常震驚，我捂住嘴不讓自己哭出來——這只是一種誇張，我想説的是，中國農村的變化比我想象的要迅速和全面得多，這讓我印象深刻。

I often feel that although some people live in cities, they are not as wealthy as those living in rural areas, haha. I have seen farmers with thousands of sheep and hundreds of acres of farmland being automated and mechanized for farming. Oh my god! I need to reflect on how long it has been since I went to the countryside. In addition, many rural areas now have e-commerce bases. Farmers sell fruits, vegetables, and specialty products from rural areas through the internet. I have bought their honey and eggs, to be honest, they are more delicious than those in the supermarket.

我經常覺得，雖然有些人生活在城市，但他們並不像那些生活在農村的人那樣富有，哈哈。我看到過有成千上萬只羊的農民和幾百英畝的農田實現自動化和機械化耕作，天啊? !我需要反思一下我多長時間沒有去農村了。此外，許多農村地區現在都有電子商務基地。農民通過互聯網銷售來自農村地區的水果、蔬菜和特產。我買過他們的蜂蜜和雞蛋，説實話，它們比超市裏的好吃。

Once, I was invited to a village in southern China. I don’t remember its name, but it’s so beautiful. The place we went to was a farmhouse. There are patches of rapeseed flowers nearby. We pick fruits from the trees ourselves and fish together. If this is the rural area of China, I am willing to live in the countryside for a lifetime!! I heard from a friend that many scenic rural areas have developed a tourism economy, and many people go on vacation every year. Therefore, rural areas have also developed well, and the people living there are very wealthy. As for poverty, China has not felt this way for many years, haha.

有一次，我應邀去中國南方的一個村莊。我不記得它的名字，但它是如此美麗。我們去的地方是一個農舍。附近有一片片油菜花。我們自己從樹上摘水果，一起釣魚。如果這就是中國的農村，我願意一輩子都住在農村!!我聽朋友説，現在很多風景優美的農村地區都發展了旅遊經濟，每年都有很多人去度假。因此，農村地區也發展得很好，生活在那裏的人很富有。至於貧窮，中國已經很多年沒有這樣的感覺了，哈哈。

美國網友皮特•艾洛特的回答

Poverty eradication has been one of the main tasks of the China since its founding. Since 1978, China has lifted over 750 million people out of poverty. This alone accounts for 50% of the global impoverished population.

消除貧困是中華人民共和國成立以來的主要任務之一。自1978年以來，中國使7.5億多人擺脱了貧困。僅這一項就佔全球貧困人口的50%。

A remarkable achievement. Although poverty alleviation is a task that many developed countries, including the United States, are still working hard on, China has vowed to end absolute poverty on the 100th anniversary of the founding of the CPC (2021).

一個了不起的成就。雖然扶貧是包括美國在內的許多發達國家仍在努力的任務，但中國卻發誓要在中國共產黨成立100週年(2021年)結束絕對貧困。

The absolute poverty rate calculated based on the international poverty line (below $1.90 per day). Interestingly, China’s absolute poverty rate is lower than that of Western countries such as Spain, Italy, and the United States. Source: Wikipedia

根據國際貧困線(每天1.90美元以下)計算的絕對貧困人口比率。有趣的是，中國的絕對貧困人口比例低於西班牙、意大利和美國等西方國家。資料來源:維基百科

The national poverty line is different from the international poverty line - its requirements are actually higher.

國家貧困線與國際貧困線不一樣——它的要求實際上更高。

How is poverty alleviation work carried out in China?

中國的扶貧工作是如何開展的?

According to the regulations of the Chinese government, a person can be considered to be lifted out of poverty if they meet all the following conditions:

根據中國政府的規定，一個人如果符合以下所有條件，就可以被視為脱貧:

1. Income above the national poverty line is $3.2 per day. In contrast, the international poverty line set by the World Bank is $1.9 per day. Both are adjusted based on purchasing power parity (2011);

1. 收入高於國家貧困線每天3.2美元。相比之下，世界銀行設定的國際貧困線是每天1.9美元。兩者均按購買力平價(2011年)進行調整;

2. Must live in a decent house with electricity and running water;

2. 必須住在像樣的房子裏，有電、自來水;

3. Every child should go to school; Non literate adults also need basic education.

3.每個孩子都應該去上學;不識字的成年人也需要基礎教育。

Ensure that all the work required for these three points falls on the shoulders of the poverty alleviation commissioner. They voluntarily left their hometown to help people escape poverty. Therefore, they need to do various tasks, from building modern houses to teaching basic hygiene knowledge.

確保這三點所需要做的所有工作都落在扶貧專員的肩上。他們自願遠離家鄉，幫助人們擺脱貧困。因此，他們需要做各種各樣的任務，從建造現代房屋到教授基本衞生知識。

As people speculate, this is also a dangerous job. Nearly 800 commissioners have died on duty, but their achievements are incredible.

正如人們所猜測的那樣，這也是一份危險的工作。已經有近800名委員因公殉職，但他們的成果令人難以置信。

From 1978 to 2017, China achieved results in eradicating poverty in rural areas. Source: UNICEF

從1978年到2017年，中國在農村地區消除貧困方面取得了成果。資料來源:聯合國兒童基金會

Ensuring that people do not return to poverty is the most important part.

確保人們不再返貧，這是最重要的部分。

The methods of poverty alleviation in China are effective, especially due to long-term planning. Providing subsidies solely for survival is not enough. Otherwise, once subsidies are abolished, people will once again fall into poverty.

中國消除貧困的方法是有效的，特別是由於長期規劃。僅僅為生存提供補貼是不夠的。否則，一旦取消補貼，人們就會再次陷入貧困。

The Chinese government believes that the foundation for eradicating poverty is education.

中國政府認為，消除貧困的基礎是教育。

For this reason, committee members need to ensure that children attend school instead of working in the fields, for example. Adults must also receive some basic education.

出於這個原因，委員們需要確保孩子們上學，而不是在田地裏工作，例如。成年人也必須接受一些基本的教育。

In order to achieve this, they combined economic assistance with support for the adoption of new technologies, especially in agriculture. For example, schools provide lunch for children in the poorest areas. Some Parent–teacher conference send them to school just to have a free meal.

為了做到這一點，他們將經濟援助和支持採用新技術結合起來，特別是在農業方面。例如，學校為最貧困地區的兒童提供午餐。一些家長會送他們去學校只是為了吃一頓免費的飯。

Although the epidemic has not made things easier, China is likely to complete this task on time.

雖然疫情並沒有讓事情變得更容易，但中國很有可能按時完成這項工作。

德國網友科莫的回答

China’s poverty is very similar to that of the United States tens years ago.

中國的貧困曾與美國幾十年前的貧困非常相似。

Have you watched “Little House on the Grassland”? The Ingalls family is very poor. They live in a small wooden house with no electricity or running water. The children attend a rural school with only one classroom and one teacher. A year of poor harvest will bring the family to the brink of bankruptcy. But they generally hold an optimistic attitude towards the future.

你看過《草原上的小房子》嗎?英格爾斯一家很窮。他們住在一間小木屋裏，沒有電也沒有自來水。孩子們上的是隻有一個教室和一個老師的鄉村學校。一年的歉收會使這個家庭瀕臨破產。但他們對未來普遍持樂觀態度。

China’s poverty is like this. What you may not realize is that compared to the United States, China only has a thin, fragmented, and flat land on the East Coast. The rest are mostly deserts, high-altitude plateaus, and mountain ranges. China has a population of 1.4 billion, more than four times that of the United States, which means there are thousands of people living and farming in mountainous areas that the United States refuses to live in.

中國的貧困就是這樣。你可能沒有意識到的是，與美國相比，中國只有一片薄薄的、破碎的、平坦的東海岸土地。其餘大部分是沙漠、高海拔高原和山脈。中國有14億人口，是美國的4倍多，這意味着有成千上萬的人，在美國都不肯居住的山區生活和耕種。

Guizhou Province is one of the poorest provinces in China, with fragmented terrain and rugged mountains. There is a joke in China that says there is no 3-inch flat land in that province, but there are 35 million people living there.

貴州省是中國最貧窮的省份之一，地形破碎，山地崎嶇。中國有個笑話，説在那個省找不到3英寸的平地，但那裏有3500萬人居住。

This type of terraced field is a common sight on the rolling mountains. This may be picturesque, but for self-sufficient agriculture, it is basically a difficult task. For a long time, there was not enough land on the plains to feed China’s population, so people have been planting grains on the marginal land for at least 1000 years. Due to geological limitations, modern mechanized agricultural equipment cannot be used, which means that agriculture is mainly completed by hand and handheld tools.

這種梯田是連綿起伏的山脈上常見的景象。這裏可能風景如畫，但對於自給自足的農業來説，這基本上是一項艱苦的工作。在很長一段時間裏，平原上沒有足夠的土地來養活中國的人口，所以人們長期以來一直在邊緣土地上種植穀物(即至少1000多年)。由於地質條件的限制，現代機械化農業設備無法使用，這意味着農業主要是用手和手持工具完成的。

Part of the reason why China has the highest bridge in the world is due to its geological reality. The best way to get there is to jump from the top of the mountain through a high bridge, rather than crossing turbulent rapids and climbing steep cliffs.

中國擁有世界上最高橋樑的部分原因是由於中國的地質現實，到達那裏的最佳方式是通過高橋從山頂跳到山頂，而不是穿過洶湧的急流和攀登陡峭的懸崖。

Some communities in the United States live on subsistence agriculture or hunting, such as some villages in Alaska, where the per capita GDP is only 3000 to 4000 dollars per year. The old town of Laura Ingalls, Walnut Grove, Minnesota, still has a per capita income of around $15000, and 10% of the population lives below the poverty line. But in most cases, small farmers like Ingel are behind us. Most small farms were sold to large conglomerates like Archer Daniels Midland, while the “Ingalls family” moved to town 100 years ago to work as teachers or mechanics. This is the process that China is currently undergoing.

美國有一些社區以自給自足的農業或狩獵為生，比如阿拉斯加的一些村莊，那裏的人均GDP每年只有3000到4000美元。勞拉·英格爾斯(Laura Ingalls)的老城區，明尼蘇達州的核桃格羅夫(Walnut Grove)，人均收入仍在1.5萬美元左右，10%的人口生活在貧困線以下。但在大多數情況下，像英格爾這樣的小農在我們身後。大多數小農場都賣給了像阿徹丹尼爾斯米德蘭這樣的大企業集團，而“英格爾斯家族”在100年前就搬到了鎮上，從事教師或機械師之類的工作。這是中國目前正在經歷的過程。

The difference is that China developed relatively late, so she has the opportunity to see how other countries have achieved it and learn from experience. One thing she learned from observing the formation of slums in developed countries is that a farmer who owns his own land can always support himself (think of the Great Depression, for example), but a city resident who loses his job will overnight go to the streets. So China does not allow independent farmers to sell their land. They can “lease” their land to others for management, gain the benefits of labor scale, and enter the city as salaried workers to earn high wages, but if something goes wrong, they will not be trapped in urban slums. Their land is their ‘annuity’, at least they won’t go hungry.

不同的是，中國發展較晚，所以她有機會看到其他國家是如何做到的，並從經驗中學習。她從觀察發達國家貧民窟的形成過程中學到的一件事是，一個擁有自己土地的農民總能養活自己(比如，想想大蕭條時期)，但一個城市居民，如果他失去了工作，就會一夜之間流落街頭。所以中國不允許獨立的農民出售他們的土地。他們可以把土地“租”出去給別人管理，獲得勞動力規模的好處，而自己可以作為受薪工人進入城市賺取高工資，但如果出了問題，他們不會被困在城市貧民窟裏。他們的土地是他們的“年金”，至少他們不會捱餓。

So the poor may be poorer in China than in the United States (more than 82 million people live on less than $1 a day in China), but they are part of the “mainstream”, so the result is that if you are a very poor farmer in China, you still have your own land, and you have a bank account in the Agricultural Bank of China to buy seeds, fertilizers and basic living expenses, Every year, it will appear directly on your bank account from the government like a clock.

因此窮人可能在中國比在美國更窮的(超過8200萬中國每天生活費不足1美元),但他們是“主流”的一部分,所以結果是，在中國，如果你是一個非常貧窮的農民，你仍然擁有自己的土地，你在中國農業銀行有一個銀行賬户，用於購買種子、化肥和基本生活費用的錢，每年都會像時鐘一樣從政府那裏直接出現在你的銀行賬户上。

Your child is free from high school to high school, except for free boarding at school. Students who excel academically can earn their doctoral degrees all the way through scholarships. You will enjoy basic medical care for free, and when you are really old, you can go to a nursing home. You still have to work hard to support yourself, but there is a feeling that rural poverty is transitional. People moving to cities will earn more money in the future. China has stated its plan to lift everyone out of poverty within six years.

你的孩子從高中到高中都是免費的，除了在學校免費寄宿外。學術上表現優異的學生可以靠獎學金一路拿到博士學位。你將免費享受基本的醫療保健，當你真的很老的時候，你可以去養老院。你仍然要努力工作養活自己，但有一種感覺，農村的貧困是過渡性的。人們搬到城市，將來會賺更多的錢。中國表示計劃在六年內讓所有人擺脱貧困。

1. Government attention

1. 政府的關注

China has poverty alleviation work requirements from the central to local levels, which will be included in the assessment standards for officials. Officials who do not perform well in their work cannot be promoted or even dismissed.

中國從中央到地方都有扶貧工作要求，這些要求將納入對官員的考核標準，工作做得不好的官員不能晉升甚至撤職。

2. Specific policies

2. 具體的政策

2.1 Industrial support refers to supporting industries that can develop in poverty-stricken areas through measures such as attracting investment, setting up factories in poverty-stricken areas, and providing tax exemptions and other benefits.

2.1產業扶持，即通過招商引資傾向等措施，扶持貧困地區能夠發展起來的產業，到貧困地區設廠，給予税收減免等優惠。

2.2 Education support is to help impoverished populations acquire corresponding skills by offering various agricultural skill training courses, agricultural courses, and worker courses.

2.2教育支持是通過開辦各種農業技能培訓班、農業課程和工人課程，幫助貧困人口獲得相應的技能。

2.3 Improve the environment by building railways, highways, and improving transportation to reduce production costs in impoverished areas and make their products more competitive.

2.3改善環境，通過修建鐵路、公路、改善交通等措施，降低貧困地區的生產成本，使其產品更具競爭力。

2.4 Migration: For those areas that are indeed too remote, such as high mountains, the government takes migration measures to relocate these people to places with convenient transportation, allocate land, and arrange for them to enter factories.

2.4遷移，對於那些確實太偏遠的地區，比如高山，政府採取遷移措施，將這些人遷移到交通便利的地方，分配土地，安排他們進入工廠。

2.5 Factory Placement: Some young people from impoverished areas receive training and are placed in factories in industrialized areas.

2.5工廠安置:一些來自貧困地區的年輕人接受培訓，並被安置在工業化地區的工廠。

But internationally, the West often deliberately distorts these views. For example, the migration of ethnic minorities from some remote areas to places with convenient transportation is stigmatized as an extermination policy. Providing Chinese training to ethnic minorities (because most Chinese speak Chinese, if you can’t speak Chinese and can’t communicate with most people, your job opportunities will be less) is accused of Cultural genocide, which is ridiculous.

但在國際上，西方經常故意歪曲這些觀點。例如，少數民族從一些偏遠地區遷移到交通方便的地方被污衊為一種滅絕政策。向少數民族提供漢語培訓(因為絕大多數中國人説漢語，如果你不會説漢語，無法與大多數人交流，你的工作機會就少了)被指責為文化滅絕，這可太荒謬了。

來源: 老表社會觀