美國學者報道：踢橄欖球可能會增加患帕金森氏症的風險_風聞

FRIDAY, Aug. 11, 2023 -- The link between pro football and the risk for a neurodegenerative disease called chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is well known, and now a new study suggests that football may also up the risk for Parkinson’s disease, even among past high school and college players.

2023年8月11日，星期五——職業橄欖球與一種名為慢性創傷性腦病（CTE）的神經退行性疾病的風險之間的聯繫是眾所周知的，現在一項新的研究表明，即使在過去的高中和大學球員中，橄欖球也可能增加患帕金森病的風險。

“Parkinson’s disease has been commonly reported in boxers, but we have not explored this link in great detail in football,” said study author Michael Alosco, an associate professor of neurology at Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine. “This is additional evidence that shows a link between football and later-in-life neurologic problems.”

波士頓大學Chobanian&Avedisian醫學院神經病學副教授、研究作者Michael Alosco説：“帕金森病在拳擊手中很常見，但我們還沒有在橄欖球中詳細探討這種聯繫。”。“這是額外的證據，表明橄欖球與晚年神經系統問題之間存在聯繫。”

The common denominator is likely blows to the head.

共同點很可能是頭部打擊。

Parkinsonism is an umbrella term for a group of neurological disorders that result in movement problems. Parkinson’s disease is the most common cause. Symptoms include tremors, stiffness, a shuffling gait and slow movement.

帕金森病是一組導致運動問題的神經系統疾病的總稱。帕金森病是最常見的病因。症狀包括震顫、僵硬、步態遲緩和行動遲緩。

Exactly what causes Parkinson’s disease is not fully understood, but a combination of genetic and environmental factors likely play a role, according to the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research.

據Michael J. Fox帕金森病研究基金會稱，帕金森病的確切病因尚不完全清楚，但遺傳和環境因素的結合可能起到了一定作用。

For the study, researchers evaluated 1,875 athletes, including 729 men who played football, predominantly at the amateur level, and 1,146 men who played other sports. All of the participants were enrolled in Fox Insight, an online study of people with and without Parkinson’s disease sponsored by the Michael J. Fox Foundation. Participants who did not have Parkinson’s disease told researchers they were concerned about their risk.

在這項研究中，研究人員評估了1875名運動員，其中729名男子踢橄欖球，主要是業餘水平的，1146名男子進行其他運動。所有參與者都參加了Fox Insight，這是一項由Michael J. Fox基金會贊助的針對帕金森病患者和非帕金森病患者的在線研究。沒有帕金森氏症的參與者告訴研究人員，他們擔心自己的風險。

The researchers found that men with a history of playing organized tackle football were 61% more likely to be diagnosed with parkinsonism or Parkinson’s disease. The findings held even after researchers controlled for other known risk factors.

研究人員發現，有組織剷球史的男性被診斷為帕金森病或帕金森病的可能性高出61%。即使在研究人員控制了其他已知的風險因素後，這一發現仍然成立。

The longer men played, the higher these odds, the study showed.

研究表明，男性玩得越久，這種幾率就越高。

Football players were around age 68, on average, and had played for more than four seasons, typically at the youth or high school level. Of the football players, 89% were diagnosed with parkinsonism or Parkinson’s disease.

橄欖球運動員平均年齡在68歲左右，已經踢了四個多賽季，通常是在青少年或高中階段。在橄欖球運動員中，89%被診斷出患有帕金森病或帕金森病。

Now, Alosco and his colleagues plan to continue their research and educate the public on these potential risks.

現在，Alosco和他的同事計劃繼續他們的研究，並就這些潛在風險教育公眾。

“There are many ex-football players who don’t have Parkinson’s disease or CTE,” he noted. “These problems happen because of a lot of different risk factors that come together.”

“有許多前橄欖球運動員沒有帕金森氏症或CTE，”他指出。“這些問題的發生是因為許多不同的風險因素綜合在一起。”

There is an important role for prevention, Alosco said.

Alosco説，預防具有重要作用。

“The best way to reduce risk is to delay playing tackle football and removing head impact from practice,” he said.

“減少風險的最好方法是推遲踢剷球，並從訓練中消除頭部撞擊，”他説。

The findings were published Aug. 11 in JAMA Network Open.

研究結果於8月11日發表在《美國醫學會雜誌》網絡公開版上。

Dr. Roy Alcalay, an associate professor of clinical neurology at Columbia University Irving Medical Center in New York City, reviewed the findings.

紐約市哥倫比亞大學歐文醫學中心臨牀神經病學副教授Roy Alcalay博士回顧了這一發現。

“The association between Parkinson’s disease and brain injury has been studied in boxing," Alcalay said, adding that former heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali was widely reported to have Parkinson’s disease.

Alcalay説：“拳擊界已經研究了帕金森病和腦損傷之間的關係。”他補充説，據廣泛報道，前重量級冠軍穆罕默德·阿里患有帕金森病。

“The new study suggests that football may also increase these risks and adds to the data that football playing can be dangerous,” he said. “The concerning thing is that even non-professional players were at a higher risk for Parkinson’s disease in this study, and there aren’t early red flags to say ‘if this happens, you should stop playing or see a neurologist.’"

他説：“新的研究表明，橄欖球也可能增加這些風險，並增加了橄欖球比賽可能是危險的數據。”。“令人擔憂的是，在這項研究中，即使是非職業球員患帕金森病的風險也更高，而且沒有早期的危險信號表明‘如果發生這種情況，你應該停止比賽或去看神經科醫生。’”