【科學】人類能永生嗎？新加坡科學家開發了一種抗衰老藥物_風聞

【來源龍騰網】

正文原創翻譯：

Aging is an inevitable natural law for humans. Is it possible for humans to live forever?

衰老是人類無可避免的自然規律，人類是否有可能長生不老？

原創翻譯：龍騰網 https://www.ltaaa.cn 轉載請註明出處

Recently, a team of scientists led by Duke University in Singapore successfully developed a drug called “Anti-IL-11”. This drug inhibits the inflammatory factor IL-11, which is closely related to accelerated aging. It not only significantly prolongs lifespan in mouse experiments, but also improves multiple health indicators, opening up a new path for human anti-aging treatment.

近日，新加坡杜克大學領導的科學家團隊成功開發出一種名為「Anti-IL-11」的藥物，該藥物通過抑制與加速衰老密切相關的炎症因子IL-11，不僅在小鼠實驗中顯著延長了壽命，還改善了多項健康指標，為人類抗衰老治療開闢了新路徑。

原創翻譯：龍騰網 https://www.ltaaa.cn 轉載請註明出處

Scientists have found in long-term research that key signaling mechanisms that regulate life span, such as ERK, STK11, AMPK, and the IGF1-insulin module, are disturbed during the aging process, leading to the appearance of aging signs such as decreased mitochondrial function, intensified inflammatory response, and cell aging. In particular, chronic sterile inflammation, as an important driver of the aging process, is closely lixed to the dysfunction of the immune system, among which the abnormal activation of cytokines such as IL-6 is particularly critical. The focus of this study, IL-11, is another important node in this complex network.

科學家們在長期的研究中發現，調控壽命的關鍵信號機制如ERK、STK11、AMPK及IGF1-胰島素模塊等在衰老過程中受到干擾，導致線粒體功能下降、炎症反應加劇及細胞老化等衰老標誌的出現。 特別是慢性無菌性炎症，作為衰老進程中的重要推手，與免疫系統的功能失調緊密相連，其中IL-6等細胞因子的異常激活尤為關鍵。 而此次研究的焦點——IL-11，則是這一複雜網絡中的又一重要節點。

Studies have shown that the inflammatory factor IL-11 is upregulated in mice with age, and has a profound impact on the aging process of cells, tissues and even the entire body by regulating the ERK-AMPK-mTORC1 signaling pathway. This finding has not only been verified in animal models, but similar IL-11 expression upregulation has also been observed in the elderly population , further highlighting the great potential of IL-11 as an anti-aging therapeutic target.

研究表明，IL-11這一炎症因子在小鼠體內隨年齡增長而上調，並通過調控ERK-AMPK-mTORC1信號通路，對細胞、組織乃至整個機體的衰老過程產生深遠影響。 該發現不僅在動物模型中得到了驗證，還在老年人羣體中觀察到了相似的IL-11表達上調現象，這進一步凸顯了IL-11作為抗衰老治療靶點的巨大潛力。

The research team implemented anti-IL-11 antibody treatment in mice and found that after 25 weeks of treatment, the metabolism and muscle function of mice, which are equivalent to 55 years old in humans, were significantly improved, aging biomarkers were significantly reduced, and physical weakness was effectively alleviated. Among them, the lifespan of male mice was extended by 22.4%, female mice by 25%, and an average of 24.9%, providing the possibility of anti-aging treatment for humans.

研究團隊在小鼠中實施了Anti-IL-11抗體治療，結果發現，在相當於人類55歲高齡的老年小鼠中，經過25周的治療，這些小鼠的新陳代謝、肌肉功能均得到了顯著改善，衰老生物標誌物顯著減少，身體虛弱狀況得到有效緩解。 其中，雄性小鼠的壽命延長了22.4%，雌性延長了25%，平均延長了24.9%，為人類抗衰老治療提供了可能性。

Scientists said that the current research results are mainly based on mouse models, and their effects in humans need to be verified through more in-depth clinical studies. However, this breakthrough has undoubtedly brought unprecedented hope to the field of anti-aging science, giving us reason to believe that in the near future, humans may be able to effectively delay aging and improve the quality of life through scientific means, taking a big step towards the dream of immortality.

科學家表示，當前的研究成果主要基於小鼠模型，其在人類中的效果尚需通過更多深入的臨牀研究來驗證。 不過，該突破無疑為抗衰老科學領域帶來了前所未有的希望，讓我們有理由相信，在不久的將來，人類或許能夠通過科學的手段，有效延緩衰老，提升生命質量，向着長生不老的夢想邁進一大步。

This research breakthrough from Duke University Singapore shows that biological agents targeting specific inflammatory factors have great potential in delaying aging and improving the quality of life. As the trend of population aging intensifies, the market demand for anti-aging treatments is gradually increasing. This research result provides new development directions and opportunities for the biological agent industry.

新加坡杜克大學的這項研究突破顯示，針對特定炎症因子的生物製劑在延緩衰老和提升生命質量方面具有巨大潛力。 隨着人口老齡化趨勢的加劇，抗衰老治療市場需求逐漸增加。 這項研究成果為生物製劑行業提供了新的發展方向和機遇。

Biologics are not a new concept. High-value products such as insulin, human growth hormone, and erythropoiesis stimulating agents are all biologics. With advances in genetics and understanding of cellular processes, new biologics products have ushered in development opportunities. The global biologics market size has grown from US$220.2 billion in 2016 to US$297.9 billion in 2020, with a compound annual growth rate of 7.8%.

生物製劑並非新概念。 胰島素、人類生長激素及紅細胞生成刺激劑等高價值產品均為生物製劑。 隨着遺傳學和對細胞過程理解的進展，新的生物製劑產品迎來了發展機遇。 全球生物製劑市場規模由2016年的2202億美元增長至2020年的2979億美元，年複合增長率為7.8%。

In terms of subdivision, therapeutic antibodies account for nearly half of the market, with a market size of US$120.8 billion in 2020, accounting for 41% of the total biologics market. In 2021, the therapeutic antibody market size was US$132.2 billion, accounting for 39% of the total biologics market.

細分來看，治療性抗體佔據了接近一半的市場，2020年市場規模為1208億美元，佔總生物製劑市場的41%。 2021年，治療性抗體市場規模為1322億美元，佔總生物製劑市場的39%。

According to the “Global Top 100 Drug Sales” list disclosed by PHIRDA, the immunosuppressant drugs were sorted out and it was found that there were 23 immunosuppressants on the “Global Top 100 Drug Sales” list in 2022, with a total sales of more than 100 billion US dollars, accounting for more than 20% of the total sales of the global top 100 drugs. In terms of drug types, the vast majority of immunosuppressants on the “Global Top 100 Drug Sales” list are biological preparations.

前瞻根據PHIRDA披露的「全球藥物銷售額TOP100」榜單，整理出其中的免疫抑制劑藥物，發現2022年進入「全球藥物銷售額TOP100」榜單的免疫抑制劑共23款，銷售額合計超1000億美元，佔全球TOP100藥物銷售總額之比已超20%。 從藥品種類來看，進入全球藥物銷售額TOP100榜單的免疫抑制劑絕大多數是生物製劑。

The biologics industry has broad prospects and huge development potential. With the continuous advancement of medical technology and the increase in people’s demand for health, biologics have shown good efficacy and safety in the treatment of various diseases, and market demand continues to increase. Especially in the fields of tumors, autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, etc., biologics have become an important treatment method. In addition, with the intensification of the aging trend of the population, some geriatric diseases such as osteoporosis and diabetes also require biologics for treatment, which further promotes the expansion of the market.

生物製劑行業前景廣闊，具有巨大的發展潛力。 隨着醫療技術的不斷進步和人們對健康需求的增加，生物製劑在治療多種疾病中顯示出良好的療效和安全性，市場需求持續增加。 特別是在腫瘤、自身免疫性疾病、心血管疾病等領域，生物製劑已成為重要的治療手段。 此外，隨着人口老齡化趨勢的加劇，一些老年性疾病如骨質疏鬆、糖尿病等也需要生物製劑進行治療，進一步推動了市場的擴大。

Technological innovation is an important driving force for the development of the biologics industry. The application of emerging technologies such as gene editing technology, single-cell sequencing technology, and artificial intelligence technology will greatly improve the efficacy, safety, and personalization of biologics to meet the growing medical needs. At the same time, with the development of precision medicine, customized biologics for specific diseases and specific patient groups will become the focus of research and development.

技術創新是推動生物製劑行業發展的重要動力。 基因編輯技術、單細胞測序技術和人工智能技術等新興技術的應用，將大幅提高生物製劑的療效、安全性和個性化水平，滿足不斷增長的醫療需求。 同時，隨着精準醫療的發展，針對特定疾病、特定患者羣體的定製化生物製劑將成為研發的重點方向。