傅瑩：亞洲國家珍惜和堅守和平與發展的大好局面

2025年9月9日，第二屆金融評論亞洲峯會（Financial Review Asia Summit）在澳大利亞悉尼舉行。會議由《澳大利亞金融評論》（AFR）和澳大利亞亞洲協會（Asia Society Australia）聯合舉辦，邀請亞洲和澳大利亞政商兩界知名人士出席，探討亞洲面臨的發展機遇，評估地緣政治變動帶來的商業風險。中國前駐英國、澳大利亞大使傅瑩應邀參會發表演講，並與AFR北亞記者傑西卡·西婭（Jessica Sier）進行對話。

傅瑩在演講中説，亞洲國家經濟增長始於20世紀70年代，先形成現代化起飛的“雁陣模式”，中國加入進來後帶來更大推動力，現在開始領跑亞洲現代化，也帶動更多國家努力追趕，使得亞洲日益成為世界經濟、科技發展的重心和前沿。目前中國對亞洲經濟增長的貢獻率超過50%，對亞太的貢獻率超過60%，對世界則保持在30%左右。從全球角度看，中國已是120多國最大貿易伙伴，輻射力從亞洲出發，主要經由“一帶一路”、《區域全面經濟夥伴關係協定 》（RCEP）、中國—東盟自貿區等通達世界。中國崛起的紅利和所提供的經濟公共產品讓亞洲乃至世界獲益，正從大宗資源和產品採購、貨物服務貿易和投資、援助、貨幣穩定工具，升級到產業鏈的深度融合，以及電動汽車、新能源電池、光伏等“新三樣”和人工智能技術創造的新生產、新生活。

在介紹中國的周邊政策時，傅瑩説，維護亞洲的和平與安寧，同周邊國家發展友好合作關係，是中國實現自身安全、發展和繁榮的基礎性條件，在中國外交全局中居於首要。今年4月在北京舉行的中央周邊工作會議對周邊的評估是，我們同周邊關係處於近代以來最好時期，同時也注意到周邊形勢和世界變局的聯動關係。習近平主席重申周邊工作聚焦構建周邊命運共同體。會議強調要以高質量共建“一帶一路”為主要平台，以安危與共、求同存異、對話協商的亞洲安全模式為戰略支撐。中國主張遵循和平、合作、開放、包容的亞洲價值觀，為亞洲命運共同體建設提供了重要的理念遵循和價值引領。

傅瑩説，冷戰後，亞洲整體上看是進入了一個長和平與廣泛增長的階段，這也是包括中國在內的亞洲國家得以充分利用經濟全球化帶來的發展機遇的重要原因，我們要守住這個大好形勢。中國政府提出的“全球安全倡議”，體現在本地區就是合作構建一個包容性的架構，各國在其中協調利益。今年5月中國會同一些國家在香港成立國際調解院，致力於以和平方式解決國際爭端和分歧。9月3日在北京舉行了盛大閲兵，紀念80年前中國抗日戰爭和世界反法西斯戰爭取得的勝利。這個高度透明的力量展示説明，中國擁有保家衞國併為世界和平貢獻力量的更強能力。正如習近平主席指出的，國家、民族只有平等相待、和睦相處、才能維護共同安全，消弭戰爭根源。

傅瑩説，中國正依託上升的實力，更加主動地塑造亞洲和平、發展與合作的局面，工作重點之一是構建戰略互信——中國和亞洲國家是合作伙伴，不是競爭對手，更非零和關係。有了這樣的互信，我們可以做很多事，包括妥善管控矛盾分歧，加強產業鏈供應鏈合作，攜手應對各類風險挑戰，便利人員往來，等等。和平穩定是這個地區發展繁榮的基礎。

關於中澳關係，傅瑩表示 ，中澳經濟合作總體上克服了政治分歧、戰略矛盾造成的困擾，顯示了增長的韌性，十年來兩國貿易以美元計增長了86.6%。李強總理去年訪澳時説，“中澳合作的商機無限，就像太平洋一樣寬廣”。今年是中澳自貿協定生效第十年，雙方需要用好政治關係改善的契機，深化傳統合作，積極開拓人工智能、醫療健康、綠色能源、數字經濟等新增長點，積極開展人員交流（中國向澳大利亞人提供了30天免簽入境待遇）。中國正與亞洲國家一道構建周邊命運共同體，歡迎澳大利亞參與這個進程。        

在對話環節，當主持人問及中國是否在重塑全球體系、是否試圖對現行國際秩序另起爐灶時，傅瑩回答，中國人談國際秩序，指的是以聯合國為核心的國際體系。二戰後建立的聯合國是全球共識的產物，雖然並不完美，但卻是世界上唯一一個所有國家都認可的體系。中國始終把自己定位為國際體系中的負責任一員，積極支持聯合國各項工作，是安理會五常中派遣維和人員最多的國家。中國也支持其他一些國際機制，比如世貿組織（WTO）和國際貨幣基金組織（IMF）。中國2001年入世以來，從貿易便利化中獲益，即便面對美國的關税打壓，依然努力通過WTO解決爭端。在2009年的歐債危機期間，中國在IMF特別提款權之外增資認購500億美元的債券，為其救助提供支持。現行國際秩序為應對新的全球性挑戰需要進一步改革完善，中國依據構建人類命運共同體的理念，與其他一些國家合作，創建了一些新型公共產品，比如亞投行、“一帶一路”等。同時，在區域層面，中國也在推動包容性秩序的構建，比如與東盟十國簽署《南海各方行為宣言》，尊重並支持東盟在地區安全事務中發揮“中心作用”等。

在回答關於中美關係及其對亞洲的影響提問時，傅瑩表示，美國認為自己曾長期主導亞洲，並且自信現在依然如此。然而，美國所習慣的世界觀並不一定適合亞洲的現實情況。美國在處理與中國的關係時，常常試圖按照自己的鏡像和邏輯來推論，認識不到相互尊重、平等相待的重要性。美國在戰略競爭思維驅使下，試圖壓制中國的發展，損害雙邊關係。中國堅持致力於維護兩國關係穩定健康發展，希望美方相向而行。

當主持人問到如何看待亞洲的多極化時，傅瑩表示，全球層面的多極化正在加快形成，中國支持平等有序的世界多極化。亞洲也呈現出多元化和多樣性的特徵，各國都有追求現代化與發展的共同願望。這種多樣性需要被尊重，不可能由某個大國單方面來決定。許多亞洲國家有過被殖民的歷史，格外重視國家尊嚴。這個地區也存在歷史遺留的邊界爭端，難以完全解決，但通過努力還是可以管控的，確保彼此關係在正確軌道上前行，聚焦發展這個最大公約數。

當主持人問中方希望澳大利亞在美國、中國和本地區“三角關係”中扮演什麼角色時，傅瑩表示，澳大利亞人應從自己的根本利益出發做出選擇。遺憾的是，最近澳大利亞媒體一些文章似乎還停留在舊的思維慣性上，從“主導”和“控制”的角度解讀中國的力量和政策。中澳兩國社會應該堅持對話和交流，不斷增進對彼此實際情況的瞭解。我們可以坦誠表達彼此立場，但不應居高臨下地認為自己比對方更懂如何發展。一些澳媒對中國9·3閲兵存在誤讀和誤解，澳大利亞人應該記得，1942年日本轟炸達爾文港時，中國已經被侵略佔領十多年，那時的中澳人民是在為同一個目標而戰鬥。中國閲兵釋放的強烈信號是呼籲和平，絕不讓歷史悲劇重演，對和平的追求應是所有國家的基本共識，中澳兩國可以在這個共識基礎上擴大對話與合作。

Focusing on Peace and Development, Building the Community of Shared Future with Neighboring Countries

— Fu Ying at the 2nd Financial Review Asia Summit

 (2025 September 10)  

On September 9, 2025, the second Financial Review Asia Summit was convened in Sydney, Australia. Co-hosted by the Australian Financial Review (AFR) and the Asia Society Australia, the summit brought together prominent figures from the political and business communities of Asia and Australia to discuss development and business opportunities in Asia and assess potential risks arising from geopolitical shifts. Fu Ying, Former Chinese Ambassador to the United Kingdom and Australia, was invited to attend the event. She delivered a speech and engaged in a dialogue with Jessica Sier, North Asia Correspondent of AFR.

Fu Ying started her speech by mentioning that Asia’s economic rise began in the 1970s, starting with the “flying geese” model. Soon, China picked up the momentum and provided greater driving force. Now China is leading Asia’s modernization and many countries are catching the tide, bringing Asia to the forefront of global economic and technological progress. Currently, China contributes more than 50% to Asia’s economic growth, over 60% to the Asia-Pacific on the whole, and around 30% to global growth. Globally, China is now the largest trading partner of more than 120 countries and it’s starting point is Asia, through the Belt and Road Initiative, the RCEP, and the China–ASEAN FTA, connecting with the world. China’s rise and its economic public goods benefit Asia and the world: from large-scale imports of resources and products, trade in goods and services, investment, aid, and currency stability tools, to deeper integration of supply chains. Now the “new trio” products, namely the electric vehicles, new energy batteries, and solar panels, along with AI technology, are reshaping how we produce and live.

When introducing China’s neighborhood diplomacy, Fu Ying said that maintaining peace and stability in the region and fostering friendly and cooperative relations, is essential for China’s own security and prosperity.  At April’s Central Conference on Relations with the Neighboring Countries, the general conclusion is that China’s relationship with its neighborhood is at its best moment in modern times. There is also awareness that the regional situation is growingly intertwined with what’s happening on the world stage. President Xi reaffirmed that we should work with the neighboring countries in community building through high-quality Belt and Road cooperation which is supported by our common believe in an Asian security model based on sharing weal and woe, seeking common ground while shelving differences, and prioritizing dialogue and consultation. China remains committed to the Asian values of peace, cooperation, openness, and inclusiveness which provides conceptual and value guide for building an Asian community with a shared future.

Fu Ying stated that Asia on the whole has entered a period of long peace and wide prosperity after the end of cold war. This is how countries including China have been able to make use of the development opportunities brought by economic globalization. We have every reason to make sure that the positive tide continues. The Chinese government’s “Global Security Initiative” aims to collaborate with regional countries to build an inclusive framework in which all nations can coordinate their interests. This May, China, together with some other countries established the International Organization for Mediation in the Hong Kong and it’s dedicated to resolving disputes and addressing differences through peaceful means. On September 3, a grand military parade was held in Beijing to commemorate 80th Anniversary of the Victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. This highly transparent display of strength demonstrates China’s ability to safeguard national security and contribute to maintaining world peace. As President Xi Jinping stated, only when nations and peoples treat each other as equals and live in harmony can we maintain common security and eliminate the root causes of war.

Fu Ying said that China, while has grown in strength, is willing to play an active role in shaping peace, development, and cooperation in Asia. Looking ahead, China’s Asia policy will focus on building strategic mutual trust—China and Asian countries are partners, not competitors, and certainly not in a zero-sum relationship. With such mutual trust, we can do a lot, including properly managing contradictions and differences, strengthening cooperation in industrial and supply chain, addressing risks and challenges, and expanding p-to-p exchanges and connectivity. Peace and stability are the foundation of prosperity in this region.

From November 30, 2024, to December 31, 2025, Australian ordinary passport holders can enjoy visa-free entry to China for stays up to 30 days for business, tourism, and family visits.

About the China-Australia relations, Fu Ying observed that China–Australia economic ties have stood firm and overcome the disruptions caused by political differences and strategic tension, indicating strong resilience. China-Australia trade measured in US dollars has grown by 86.6%.  As the Chinese Premier Li Qiang said during his visit to Australia last year, “The cooperation opportunities for China–Australia are as broad as the Pacific Ocean”. This year marks the tenth year since the China–Australia FTA came into effect. There is every reason for both sides to make the best out of the improved political relations to deepen cooperation both in the traditional trading areas and to actively explore new growth areas such as artificial intelligence, medical health, green energy, and digital economy etc. We should also actively promote p-to-p exchanges (China has offered 30 days visa-free to Australia). China is working with Asian countries to build a community with a shared future and welcomes Australia to also join.

During the dialoged session, when asked whether China’s aim is to create an alternative system for international order, Fu Ying said that when the Chinese people speak about order, they refer to the international order centered on the United Nations. The UN system was created after World War II based on global consensus, and though it is not perfect, it remains the only system agreed by every country. China has always positioned itself as a responsible member of the international system, actively supporting the work of the UN, and has sent the more peacekeeping personnel than other permanent members of the Security Council. China also supports other international mechanisms, such as WTO and IMF. Since its accession to the WTO in 2001, China has benefited from trade facilitation. When confronting the U.S. tariff pressure, China has resorted to seeking dispute settlement through the WTO. During the Eurozone debt crisis in 2009, China also offered help played by purchasing US$50 billion of bonds in addition to fulfilling the IMF Special Drawing Rights. The current international order needs further reform and improvement to cope with new global challenges. Based on the concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind, China has cooperated with other countries to create some new public goods, such as Belt and Road Initiative and AIIB, etc. China has no intention of establishing an alternative system. At the regional level, China has also been supporting the development of an inclusive order—for example, by signing the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea with the ten ASEAN member states, and by respecting and supporting ASEAN’s “central role” in regional security affairs

When asked about China-U.S. relations and their impact on Asia, Fu Ying stated that the United States has long believed that it had a dominance in Asia and still thinks so today. However, the way US sees the world does not necessarily reflect the realities of Asia. The US tend to view China according to its own mirror image and logic, failing to recognize the importance of mutual respect and equality. Driven by a mindset of strategic competition, the US has sought to contain China’s development, undermining bilateral relations. China remains committed to keep a stable and healthy relationship with the US and expects the later move in the same direction.    

When asked about how she views multipolarity in Asia, Fu Ying said that at the global level, multi-polarity is accelerating, and China supports an “equal and orderly multipolar world.”  Asian countries are characterized by diversity in many aspects like cultural tradition and religions believes. But they share a common aspiration for modernization and development. Such diversity needs to be respected and they cannot be determined by any single major power. Many of them had a history of being colonized and have a strong sense of dignity. Many of them also have unresolved border issues left from history and difficult to be resolved. But there is a common understanding to contain disputes and keep relationships on track. And the focus should be on development, which represents the greatest common denominator.

When the moderator asked what role China hopes Australia will play in the “trilateral relationship” among the US, China, and the region, Fu Ying said that Australians know what’s best for them. Unfortunately, some recent articles in the Australian publications indicate that some people may be still trapped in old patterns of thinking, interpreting China’s growing strength and policies from the logic of dominance and control. China and Australia should promote dialogue and exchanges, continuously deepening their understanding of each other’s realities. We should state our differences openly, but not assume we know better than the other about handling their own affairs. Some Australian media have misinterpreted China’s military parade. I wonder if they remember, when Darwin was bombed in 1942, China had already been under a brutal occupation for more than a decade, and Australia and China were fighting for the same goal. The strong signal sent by China’s military parade is a call for peace, with a firm resolve to ensure that the historical tragedies never happen again. The pursuit for peace should be a minimal consensus for all countries, and China and Australia can expand dialogue and cooperation on the basis of this shared understanding.